PUBLICADO PARA HOY 1 DE JULIO
PUERTO RICO, LA DEMOCRACIA Y EL PROGRESO, LIBRE MERCADO EN ACCION.
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La Gran Depresión de 1929, jíbaros puertorriqueños.
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Puerto Rico del Ayer # 1.wmv
POR: YOUTUBE Y IMAGENES GOOGLE
jueves, 30 de junio de 2011
LA CUBA DE HOY
PUBLICADO PARA HOY 1 DE JULIO
HOLGUIN, CUBA, LEGADO DE LOS HERMANOS CASTRO.
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Holguin Cuba - The Big Picture by JCV
Uploaded by JCVdude on Mar 4, 2007
Holguin seems to be in a time warp...I love the city and it's people. This is Cuba. Soundtrack is Mas Que Nada, Black Eyed Peas, Sergio Mendes. CD- Timeless.
POR: YOUTUBE Y IMAGENES GOOGLE
HOLGUIN, CUBA, LEGADO DE LOS HERMANOS CASTRO.
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Holguin Cuba - The Big Picture by JCV
Uploaded by JCVdude on Mar 4, 2007
Holguin seems to be in a time warp...I love the city and it's people. This is Cuba. Soundtrack is Mas Que Nada, Black Eyed Peas, Sergio Mendes. CD- Timeless.
POR: YOUTUBE Y IMAGENES GOOGLE
LA CUBA DE AYER
PUBLICADO PARA HOY 1 DE JULIO
Medias Rojas de Boston en entrenamiento durante la primavera del 1941, Estadio La Tropical.
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Sergio Oliva
Sergio Oliva is a bodybuilder known as "The Myth". This sobriquet was given to him by bodybuilder/writer Rick Wayne. Wayne had begun calling Oliva "The Myth" "(because everyone who saw him at the 1967 Montreal World's Fair said he was "JUST UNBELIEVABLE")".[1]
Biography
Early life
Oliva was born in Cuba on July 4, 1941. At the age of twelve he worked with his father in the sugar cane fields of Guambaco. When Oliva was 16, his father suggested that he enlist in Fulgencio Batista's army. In the absence of a birth certificate, the recruiting officer took the senior Oliva's word that his son was old enough to enlist in the fight against communism.
After losing the war to Fidel Castro, Oliva stayed local and took to hanging out at the beach. There he met a fellow sun worshipper who invited him to the local weightlifting club. After just six months of training Oliva was doing clean & jerks with over 300 pounds and totaling 1000 pounds in the three Olympic lifts at a bodyweight of 195 lbs, considered a middle-heavyweight.
Because of an injury of the top weightlifter, Alberto R. Games, he was chosen to represent Cuba at the 1962 Central America Games hosted in Kingston, Jamaica. In 1962 the National Weightlifting Championship for Cuba was won by Alberto Rey Games Hernandez; Sergio Oliva took second place. Alberto Games was unable to attend the Central American Games because of an injury.
During his stay in Jamaica, Oliva snuck out of his quarters while the guards were distracted. He ran at top speed until he was safely inside the American consulate. Arriving breathlessly he demanded and received political asylum. Soon, sixty-five other Cuban nationals followed him, including Castro's entire weightlifting team. Soon afterward, Oliva was living in Miami, Florida working as a TV repairman.[2]
Life in the United States
In 1963 Oliva moved to Chicago, Illinois. There he worked at a local steel mill and began working out at the Duncan YMCA. Working 10-12 hour days at the steel mill and putting in another 2.5–3 hours at the gym gave Oliva very little time for anything else. Soon the bodybuilding grapevine was abuzz with gossip about a Cuban powerhouse who lifted more than any of the local Olympic champs. Oliva won his first bodybuilding competition the Mr. Chicagoland contest in 1963. Then he was successful again at the Mr. Illinois in 1964 but he lost in 1965 at the AAU Jr. Mr. America winning 2nd place even though he won the trophy for "Most Muscular". In 1966, he won the AAU Jr. Mr. America and again he claimed the trophy for "Most Muscular". He then joined the International Federation of BodyBuilders IFBB in which he won both the professional Mr. World and Mr. Universe Contests. In 1967 he won the prestigious Mr. Olympia contest, making him the undisputed world champion of bodybuilding.
Oliva then went on to win the Mr. Olympia title three years in a row. At 5 feet 9 inches and at a contest weight that varied between 240-255 lbs.
POR: WIKIPEDIA Y IMAGENES GOOGLE
Medias Rojas de Boston en entrenamiento durante la primavera del 1941, Estadio La Tropical.
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Sergio Oliva
Sergio Oliva is a bodybuilder known as "The Myth". This sobriquet was given to him by bodybuilder/writer Rick Wayne. Wayne had begun calling Oliva "The Myth" "(because everyone who saw him at the 1967 Montreal World's Fair said he was "JUST UNBELIEVABLE")".[1]
Biography
Early life
Oliva was born in Cuba on July 4, 1941. At the age of twelve he worked with his father in the sugar cane fields of Guambaco. When Oliva was 16, his father suggested that he enlist in Fulgencio Batista's army. In the absence of a birth certificate, the recruiting officer took the senior Oliva's word that his son was old enough to enlist in the fight against communism.
After losing the war to Fidel Castro, Oliva stayed local and took to hanging out at the beach. There he met a fellow sun worshipper who invited him to the local weightlifting club. After just six months of training Oliva was doing clean & jerks with over 300 pounds and totaling 1000 pounds in the three Olympic lifts at a bodyweight of 195 lbs, considered a middle-heavyweight.
Because of an injury of the top weightlifter, Alberto R. Games, he was chosen to represent Cuba at the 1962 Central America Games hosted in Kingston, Jamaica. In 1962 the National Weightlifting Championship for Cuba was won by Alberto Rey Games Hernandez; Sergio Oliva took second place. Alberto Games was unable to attend the Central American Games because of an injury.
During his stay in Jamaica, Oliva snuck out of his quarters while the guards were distracted. He ran at top speed until he was safely inside the American consulate. Arriving breathlessly he demanded and received political asylum. Soon, sixty-five other Cuban nationals followed him, including Castro's entire weightlifting team. Soon afterward, Oliva was living in Miami, Florida working as a TV repairman.[2]
Life in the United States
In 1963 Oliva moved to Chicago, Illinois. There he worked at a local steel mill and began working out at the Duncan YMCA. Working 10-12 hour days at the steel mill and putting in another 2.5–3 hours at the gym gave Oliva very little time for anything else. Soon the bodybuilding grapevine was abuzz with gossip about a Cuban powerhouse who lifted more than any of the local Olympic champs. Oliva won his first bodybuilding competition the Mr. Chicagoland contest in 1963. Then he was successful again at the Mr. Illinois in 1964 but he lost in 1965 at the AAU Jr. Mr. America winning 2nd place even though he won the trophy for "Most Muscular". In 1966, he won the AAU Jr. Mr. America and again he claimed the trophy for "Most Muscular". He then joined the International Federation of BodyBuilders IFBB in which he won both the professional Mr. World and Mr. Universe Contests. In 1967 he won the prestigious Mr. Olympia contest, making him the undisputed world champion of bodybuilding.
Oliva then went on to win the Mr. Olympia title three years in a row. At 5 feet 9 inches and at a contest weight that varied between 240-255 lbs.
POR: WIKIPEDIA Y IMAGENES GOOGLE
EFEMERIDES
PUBLICADO PARA HOY 1 DE JULIO
Batalla de Gettysburg
1961 Nació Carl Lewis, atleta estadounidense.
1723 Nació Pedro Rodríguez, conde de Campomanes, político español.
1646 Nació G.W.de Leibnitz, filósofo y científico alemán.
2004 Fallece Marlon Brando, actor, The Godfather, muere a los 80.
1997 Fallece Joshua Hassan, ministro principal de Gibraltar.
1974 Fallece Juan Domingo Perón, presidente de Argentina.
1876 Fallece Mijail A. Bakunin, anarquista ruso.
San Justino Mártir
San Felix de Nicosia
Efemérides del día, efemérides de la semana, efemérides del año. Cuándo nació? Donde nació? Donde murió? Cuando murió? Cómo murió?. Santoral de hoy, todos los Santos, las Santas, las Beatas...
1997 ETA libera al secuestrado Cosme Delclaux tras recibir un rescate de 1.000 millones, después de un secuestro de 232 días. Pocas horas después, la Guardia Civil rescata a José Antonio Ortega Lara, quien estuvo encerrado en un zulo de Mondragón 532 días.
1994 Yasir Arafat regresa a Palestina tras 27 años de exilio.
1987 Entra en vigor el Acta Única Europea.
1984 Se impone la obligatoriedad en todos los envíos el código postal en España.
1976 El Rey destituye a Carlos Arias Navarro.
1940 Comienza en Francia el "Gobierno de Vichy", siendo Petain Jefe del Estado.
1936 Se funda en Buenos Aires la Academia Nacional de Bellas Artes.
1924 Se inaugura en Nueva York el puente sobre el Hudson, de 2.724 metros de longitud.
1921 Fundación del Partido Comunista Chino en Shanghai.
1917 Pu Yi, de 11 años, es coronado, por segunda vez, emperador de China.
1916 Entra en vigor la "Ley seca" en EEUU que prohibe las bebidas alcohólicas en 24 Estados, afectando a 33 millones de personas.
1914 El científico inglés Archibald Low presenta en Londres un aparato capaz de transmitir imágenes a distancia al que llama televisión.
1911 Hiram Bingham descubre las ruinas de Machu Picchu (Perú), la ciudad sagrada de los incas.
1863 Batalla de Gettysburg, Pennsylvania; se detiene el avance del General Lee hacia el norte.
1831 Descubrimiento del polo magnético septentrional.
1808 Los franceses sitian Zaragoza durante la Guerra de la Independencia.
1798 Napoleón toma la ciudad de Alejandría.
1751 Aparece en París el primer tomo de la Enciclopedia de las Ciencias, las Artes y los Oficios.
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Tribute to Marlon Brando
Marlon Brando, Jr. (April 3, 1924 – July 1, 2004) was an American actor who performed for over half a century.
He was perhaps best known for his roles as Stanley Kowalski in A Streetcar Named Desire (1951), his Academy Award-nominated performance as Emiliano Zapata in Viva Zapata! (1952), his role as Mark Antony in the MGM film adaptation of the Shakespeare play Julius Caesar (1953), for which he was nominated for an Academy Award, and his Academy Award-winning performance as Terry Malloy in On the Waterfront (1954). During the 1970s, he was most famous for his Academy Award-winning performance as Vito Corleone in Francis Ford Coppola's The Godfather (1972), also playing Colonel Walter Kurtz in another Coppola film, Apocalypse Now (1979). Brando delivered an Academy Award-nominated performance as Paul in Last Tango in Paris (1972), in addition to directing and starring in the western film One-Eyed Jacks (1961).
Brando had a significant impact on film acting, and was the foremost example of the "method" acting style. While he became notorious for his "mumbling" diction and exuding a raw animal magnetism,[1] his mercurial performances were nonetheless highly regarded, and he is considered one of the greatest and most influential actors of the 20th century. Director Martin Scorsese said of him, "He is the marker. There's 'before Brando' and 'after Brando'.'"[2] Actor Jack Nicholson once said, "When Marlon dies, everybody moves up one."[3]
Brando was also an activist, supporting many issues, notably the African-American Civil Rights Movement and various American Indian Movements.
Early life
Marlon Brando was born in Omaha, Nebraska, to Marlon Brando, Sr., a pesticide and chemical feed manufacturer, and his wife, Dorothy Julia (née Pennebaker).[citation needed] His parents moved to Evanston, Illinois, but separated when he was eleven years old. His mother took her three children: Jocelyn (1919–2005), Frances (1922–1994) and Marlon, to live with her mother in Santa Ana, California.[citation needed] In 1937, Brando's parents reconciled and moved together to Libertyville, Illinois, north of Chicago.[citation needed]
Brando's family was of German, Dutch, Irish, and English ancestry. His direct male ancestor Johann Wilhelm Brandau emigrated to New Amsterdam in the 17th century from Pfalz, Germany (contrary to some biographies, Brando's grandfather Eugene E. Brando was not French but was born in New York.)[4] Brando was raised a Christian Scientist.[5] His grandmother Marie Holloway abandoned her family when Marlon Brando, Sr., was five years old. She used the money Eugene sent her to support her gambling and alcoholism.[6]
Marlon Brando, Sr., was a talented amateur photographer. His wife, known as Dodie, was unconventional but talented, having been an actress.[7][8] She smoked, wore trousers, and drove cars, unusual for women at the time. However, she was an alcoholic and often had to be brought home from Chicago bars by her husband; she finally joined Alcoholics Anonymous. Dodie Brando acted and was a theater administrator. She helped Henry Fonda to begin his acting career, and fueled her son Marlon's interest in stage acting. However, Brando was closer to his maternal grandmother, Bessie Gahan Pennebaker Meyers, than to his mother. Widowed while young, Meyers worked as a secretary and later as a Christian Science practitioner. Her father, Myles Gahan, was a doctor from Ireland; her mother, Julia Watts, was from England.
Brando was a mimic from early childhood and developed an ability to absorb the mannerisms of people he played and display them dramatically while staying in character. His sister Jocelyn Brando was the first to pursue an acting career, going to study at the American Academy of Dramatic Art. She appeared on Broadway, then movies and television. Brando's sister Frances left college in California to study art in New York. Brando soon followed her.
Brando had been held back a year in school and was later expelled from Libertyville High School for riding his motorcycle through the corridors. He was sent to Shattuck Military Academy, where his father had studied before him. Brando excelled at theatre and did well in the school. In his final year (1943), however, he was put on probation for talking back to a student officer during maneuvers. He was confined to the campus, but tried going into town, and was caught. The faculty voted to expel him, though he was supported by the students, who thought expulsion was too harsh. He was invited back for the following year, but decided instead to drop out of high school.[9]
Brando worked as a ditch-digger as a summer job arranged by his father. It was also during this time that Brando attempted to join the Army. However at his army induction physical it was discovered that a football injury that he had sustained at Shattuck had left him with a trick knee. Brando was therefore classified as a 4-F, and not inducted into the Army.[10] He then decided to follow his sisters to New York. His father supported him for six months, then offered to help him find a job as a salesman. However, Brando left to study at the American Theatre Wing Professional School, part of the Dramatic Workshop of The New School with the influential German director Erwin Piscator and at the Actors Studio. He also studied with Stella Adler and learned the techniques of the Stanislavski System. There is a story in which Adler spoke about teaching Brando, saying that she had instructed the class to act like chickens, then adding that a nuclear bomb was about to fall on them. Most of the class clucked and ran around wildly, but Brando sat calmly and pretended to lay an egg. Asked by Adler why he had chosen to react this way, he said, "I'm a chicken, what do I know about nuclear bombs?"[citation needed]
Career
Early work
A 24-year-old Brando as Stanley Kowalski on the set of the stage version of A Streetcar Named Desire, photographed by Carl Van Vechten in 1948Brando used his Stanislavski System skills for his first summer-stock roles in Sayville, New York on Long Island. His behavior got him kicked out of the cast of the New School's production in Sayville, but he was discovered in a locally produced play there and then made it to Broadway in the bittersweet drama I Remember Mama in 1944. Critics voted him "Broadway's Most Promising Actor" for his role as an anguished veteran in Truckline Café, although the play was a commercial failure. In 1946 he appeared on Broadway as the young hero in the political drama A Flag is Born, refusing to accept wages above the Actor's Equity rate because of his commitment to the cause of Israeli independence.[11][12] In that same year, Brando played the role of Marchbanks with Katharine Cornell in her production's revival of Candida, one of her signature roles.[13] Cornell also cast him as The Messenger in a her production of Jean Anouilh's Antigone that same year. Brando achieved stardom, however, as Stanley Kowalski in Tennessee Williams's 1947 play A Streetcar Named Desire, directed by Elia Kazan. Brando sought out that role,[14] driving out to Provincetown, Massachusetts, where Williams was spending the summer, to audition for the part. Williams recalled that he opened the screen door and knew, instantly, that he had his Stanley Kowalski. Brando's performance revolutionized acting technique and set the model for the American form of method acting.
Afterward, Brando was asked to do a screen test for Warner Brothers studio for the film Rebel Without A Cause,[15] which James Dean was later cast in. The screen test appears as an extra in the 2006 DVD release of A Streetcar Named Desire.
Brando's first screen role was as the bitter paraplegic veteran in The Men in 1950. True to his method, Brando spent a month in bed at the Birmingham Army Hospital in Van Nuys to prepare for the role. By Brando's own account it may have been because of this film that his draft status was changed from 4-F to 1-A. He had had an operation on the knee he had injured at Shattuck, and it was no longer physically debilitating enough to incur exclusion from the draft. When Brando reported to the induction center he answered a questionnaire provided to him by saying his race was "human", his color was "Seasonal-oyster white to beige", and he told an Army doctor that he was psycho neurotic. When the draft board referred him to a psychiatrist Brando explained how he had been expelled from Military School, and that he had severe problems with authority. Coincidentally enough the psychiatrist knew a doctor friend of Brando, and Brando was able to avoid military service during the Korean War.[16]
Rise to fame
Brando brought his performance as Stanley Kowalski to the screen in Kazan's adaptation of Tennessee Williams's A Streetcar Named Desire, and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actor for that role, and again in each of the next three years for his roles in Viva Zapata! in 1952, Julius Caesar in 1953 as Mark Antony, and On the Waterfront in 1954. These first five films of his career established Brando, as evidenced in his winning the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role in three consecutive years, 1951 to 1953.
In 1953, Brando also starred in The Wild One riding his own Triumph Thunderbird 6T motorcycle which caused consternation to Triumph's importers, as the subject matter was rowdy motorcycle gangs taking over a small town. But the images of Brando posing with his Triumph motorcycle became iconic, even forming the basis of his wax dummy at Madame Tussauds.
Later that same year, Brando starred in Lee Falk's production of George Bernard Shaw's Arms and the Man in Boston. Falk was proud to tell people that Marlon Brando turned down an offer of $10,000 per week on Broadway, in favor of working on Falk's play in Boston. His Boston contract was less than $500 per week. It would be the last time he ever acted in a stage play.
Brando won the Oscar for his role of Terry Malloy in On the Waterfront. For the famous I coulda' been a contender scene, Brando convinced Kazan that the scripted scene was unrealistic, and with Rod Steiger, improvised the final product.
Brando then took a variety of roles in the 1950s: as Sky Masterson in the musical Guys and Dolls; as Sakini, a Japanese interpreter for the U.S. Army in postwar Japan in The Teahouse of the August Moon; as a United States Air Force officer in Sayonara, and a Nazi officer in The Young Lions.
In the 1960s, Brando starred in films such as Mutiny on the Bounty (1962); One-Eyed Jacks (1961), a western that would be the only film Brando would ever direct; The Chase (1966), and Reflections in a Golden Eye (1967), portraying a repressed gay army officer. It was the type of performance that later led critic Stanley Crouch to write, "Brando's main achievement was to portray the taciturn but stoic gloom of those pulverized by circumstances."[17] He also played a guru in the sex farce Candy (1968). Burn! (1969), which Brando would later claim as his personal favorite, was a commercial failure. His career slowed down by the end of the decade as he gained a reputation for being difficult to work with.
The Godfather
Brando's performance as Vito Corleone or 'the Don' in 1972's The Godfather was a mid-career turning point. Director Francis Ford Coppola convinced Brando to submit to a "make-up" test, in which Brando did his own makeup (he used cotton balls to simulate the puffed-cheek look). Coppola was electrified by Brando's characterization as the head of a crime family, but had to fight the studio in order to cast the temperamental Brando. Mario Puzo always imagined Brando as Corleone.[18] However, Paramount studio heads wanted to give the role to Danny Thomas in the hope that Thomas would have his own production company throw in its lot with Paramount. Thomas declined the role and actually urged the studio to cast Brando at the behest of Coppola and others who had witnessed the screen test.
Eventually, Charles Bluhdorn, the president of Paramount parent Gulf + Western, was won over to letting Brando have the role; when he saw the screen test, he asked in amazement, "What are we watching? Who is this old guinea?"
Brando won the Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance, but turned down the Oscar, becoming the second actor to refuse a Best Actor award (the first being George C. Scott for Patton). Brando boycotted the award ceremony, sending instead American Indian Rights activist Sacheen Littlefeather, who appeared in full Apache dress, to state Brando's reasons, which were based on his objection to the depiction of American Indians[19] by Hollywood and television.
The actor followed with Bernardo Bertolucci's 1973 film, Last Tango in Paris, but the performance was overshadowed by an uproar over the erotic nature of the film. Despite the controversy which attended both the film and the man, the Academy once again nominated Brando for the Best Actor.
Brando, along with James Caan, was later scheduled in 1974 to appear in the final scene of The Godfather Part II. However, rewrites were made to the script when Brando refused to show up to the studio on the single day of shooting due to disputes with the studio.
Later career
Brando portrayed Superman's father Jor-El in the 1978 Superman. He agreed to the role only on assurance that he would be paid a large sum for what amounted to a small part, that he would not have to read the script beforehand and his lines would be displayed somewhere off-camera. It was revealed in a documentary contained in the 2001 DVD release of Superman, that he was paid $3.7 million for just two weeks of work.
Brando also filmed scenes for the movie's sequel, Superman II, but after producers refused to pay him the same percentage he received for the first movie, he denied them permission to use the footage. However, after Brando's death the footage was reincorporated into the 2006 re-cut of the film, Superman II: The Richard Donner Cut.
Two years after Brando's death, he "reprised" the role of Jor-El in the 2006 "loose sequel" Superman Returns, in which both used and unused archive footage of Brando as Jor-El from the first two Superman films was remastered for a scene in the Fortress of Solitude, and Brando's voice-overs were used throughout the film.
In 1979, Marlon Brando starred as Colonel Walter E. Kurtz in Francis Ford Coppola's Vietnam epic Apocalypse Now. Brando plays a highly decorated American Army Special Forces officer who goes renegade. He runs his own operations out of Cambodia and is feared by the US military as much as the Vietnamese. Brando was paid $1 million a week for his work.
Despite announcing his retirement from acting in 1980, he subsequently gave interesting supporting performances in movies such as A Dry White Season (for which he was again nominated for an Oscar in 1989), The Freshman in 1990 and Don Juan DeMarco in 1995. In his last film, The Score (2001), he starred with fellow method actor Robert De Niro. Some later performances, such as The Island of Dr Moreau (1996), earned Brando some of the most uncomplimentary reviews of his career.
Brando conceived the idea of a novel called Fan-Tan with director Donald Cammell in 1979, which was not released until 2005.[20]
In 2004, Brando signed with Tunisian film director Ridha Behion and began pre-production on a project to be titled Brando and Brando. Up to a week before his death, Brando was working on the script in anticipation of a July/August 2004 start date.[21] Production was suspended in July 2004 following Brando's death, at which time Behi stated that he would continue the film as an homage to Brando,[22] with a new title of Citizen Brando.[23][24]
Personal life
Brando became well known for his crusades for civil rights, Native American rights, and other political causes. He also earned a "bad boy" reputation for his public outbursts and antics. On June 12, 1973, Brando broke paparazzo Ron Galella's jaw. Galella had followed Brando, who was accompanied by talk show host Dick Cavett, after a taping of The Dick Cavett Show in New York City. He reportedly paid a $40,000 out-of-court settlement and suffered an infected hand as a result. Galella wore a football helmet the next time he photographed Brando at a gala benefiting the American Indians Development Association.
In Songs My Mother Taught Me, Brando claimed he met Marilyn Monroe at a party as she played piano, unnoticed by anybody else there, and they had an affair and maintained an intermittent relationship for many years, receiving a telephone call from her several days before she died. He also claimed numerous other romances, although he did not discuss his marriages, his wives, or his children in his autobiography.
Brando married actress Anna Kashfi in 1957. Kashfi was born in Calcutta and moved to Wales from India in 1947. She is said to have been the daughter of a Welsh steel worker of Irish descent, William O'Callaghan, who had been superintendent on the Indian State railways. However, in her book, Brando for Breakfast, she claimed that she really is half Indian and that the press incorrectly thought that her stepfather, O'Callaghan, was her real father. She said her real father was Indian and that she was the result of an "unregistered alliance" between her parents. In 1959, Brando and Kashfi divorced after the birth of their son, Christian Brando, on May 11, 1958.
In 1960, Brando married Movita Castaneda, a Mexican-American actress seven years his senior; they were divorced in 1962. Castaneda had appeared in the first Mutiny on the Bounty film in 1935, some 27 years before the 1962 remake with Brando as Fletcher Christian. Brando's behavior during the filming of Bounty seemed to bolster his reputation as a difficult star. He was blamed for a change in director and a runaway budget, though he disclaimed responsibility for either.
The Bounty experience affected Brando's life in a profound way. He fell in love with Tahiti and its people. He bought a twelve-island atoll, Tetiaroa, which he intended to make partly an environmental laboratory and partly a resort. Tahitian beauty Tarita Teriipia, who played Fletcher Christian's love interest, became Brando's third wife on August 10, 1962. She was 20 years old, 18 years younger than Brando. A 1961 article on Teriipia in the fan magazine Motion Picture described Brando's delight at how naïve and unsophisticated she was. Because Teriipia was a native French speaker, Brando became fluent in the language and gave numerous interviews in French.[25][26] Teriipia became the mother of two of his children. They divorced in July 1972. Brando eventually had a hotel built on Tetiaroa. It went through many redesigns as a result of changes demanded by Brando over the years. It is now closed. A new hotel, consisting of thirty deluxe villas, was planned.[27]
In an interview with Gary Carey, for his 1976 biography The Only Contender, Brando said, "Homosexuality is so much in fashion it no longer makes news. Like a large number of men, I, too, have had homosexual experiences and I am not ashamed. I have never paid much attention to what people think about me. But if there is someone who is convinced that Jack Nicholson and I are lovers, may they continue to do so. I find it amusing." On his death, his ashes were scattered in Tahiti and Death Valley.
In 1992, he donated money to Michael Jackson to help start his Heal the World Foundation.
Childrenby Anna Kashfi:
Christian Devi Brando (aka Gary Brown; May 11, 1958 – January 26, 2008, died of pneumonia)
by Movita Castaneda
Miko Castaneda Brando (b. 1960)
Rebecca Brando (b. 1966)
by Tarita Teriipia:
Simon Teihotu Brando (b. 1963) – the only inhabitant of Tetiaroa
Tarita Cheyenne Brando (1970–1995), committed suicide by hanging
adopted:
Petra Brando-Corval (b. 1972), daughter of Brando's assistant Caroline Barrett and novelist James Clavell (aka Charles Edmund DuMaresq de Clavell)
by unidentified mothers:
Stefano Brando aka Stephen Blackehart (b. 1967)[28][29]
Maimiti Brando (b. 1977)
Raiatua Brando (b. 1982)
Dylan Brando (1968–1988)
by his housekeeper, Maria Christina Ruiz:
Ninna Priscilla Brando (b. May 13, 1989)
Myles Jonathan Brando (b. January 16, 1992)
Timothy Gahan Brando (b. January 6, 1994)
Grandchildren
Michael Brando (b.1988)
Tuki Brando (b. 1990)
Shooting involving Brando's son, Christian
In May 1990, Dag Drollet, the Tahitian lover of Brando's daughter Cheyenne, died of a gunshot wound after a confrontation with Cheyenne's half-brother Christian at the family's hilltop home above Beverly Hills. Christian, then 31 years old, claimed he was drunk and the shooting was accidental.
After heavily publicized pre-trial proceedings, Christian pleaded guilty to voluntary manslaughter and use of a gun. He was sentenced to ten years in prison. Before the sentence, Brando delivered an hour of testimony, in which he said he and his former wife had failed Christian. He commented softly to members of the Drollet family: "I'm sorry... If I could trade places with Dag, I would. I'm prepared for the consequences." Afterward, Drollet's father said he thought Brando was acting and his son was "getting away with murder." The tragedy was compounded in 1995, when Cheyenne, suffering from lingering effects of a serious car accident and said to still be depressed over Drollet's death, committed suicide by hanging herself in Tahiti. Christian Brando died of pneumonia at age 49, on January 26, 2008.
Final years and death
Brando's notoriety, his troubled family life, and his obesity attracted more attention than his late acting career. He gained a great deal of weight in the 1980s and by the mid 1990s he weighed over 300 lbs. (136 kg) and suffered from diabetes. Like Orson Welles or Elvis Presley, he had a history of weight fluctuations through his career, attributed to his years of stress-related overeating followed by compensatory dieting. He also earned a reputation for being difficult on the set, often unwilling or unable to memorize his lines and less interested in taking direction than in confronting the film director with odd demands. Brando also dabbled with some innovation in his last years. Brando had several patents issued in his name from the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, all of which involve a method of tensioning drum heads, in June 2002 – November 2004. For example, see U.S. Patent 6,812,392 and its equivalents.
The actor was a longtime close friend of entertainer Michael Jackson and paid regular visits to his Neverland Ranch, resting there for weeks at a time. Brando also participated in the singer's two-day solo career thirtieth-anniversary celebration concerts in 2001, and starred in his 13-minute-long music video, "You Rock My World," in the same year. The actor's son, Miko, was Jackson's bodyguard and assistant for several years, and was a friend of the singer. He stated "The last time my father left his house to go anywhere, to spend any kind of time... was with Michael Jackson. He loved it... He had a 24-hour chef, 24-hour security, 24-hour help, 24-hour kitchen, 24-hour maid service."[30] On Jackson's 30th anniversary concert, Brando gave a speech to the audience on humanitarian work which received a poor reaction from the audience and was unaired.
On July 1, 2004, Brando died, aged 80. He left behind eleven children as well as over thirty grandchildren. The cause of death was intentionally withheld, his lawyer citing privacy concerns. It was later revealed that he had died at UCLA Medical Center of respiratory failure brought on by pulmonary fibrosis. He also suffered from congestive heart failure,[31] failing eyesight caused by diabetes, and liver cancer.[32] Before his death and despite his ill-health, he recorded his voice to appear in The Godfather: The Game, once again as Don Vito Corleone.
Karl Malden, Brando's fellow actor in A Streetcar Named Desire, On The Waterfront, and One-Eyed Jacks (the only film directed by Brando), talks in a documentary accompanying the DVD of A Streetcar Named Desire about a phone call he received from Brando shortly before Brando's death. A distressed Brando told Malden he kept falling over. Malden wanted to come over, but Brando put him off telling him there was no point. Three weeks later, Brando was dead. Shortly before his death, Brando had apparently refused permission for tubes carrying oxygen to be inserted into his lungs, which, he was told, was the only way to prolong his life.
Brando was cremated, and his ashes were put in with those of his childhood friend Wally Cox and another friend. They were then scattered partly in Tahiti and partly in Death Valley.[33]
In 2007, a 165-minute biopic of Brando, Brando: The Documentary, produced by Mike Medavoy (the executor of Brando's will) for Turner Classic Movies, was released.[34]
Politics
Civil rights
Brando with James Baldwin at the 1963 Civil Rights March on Washington, D.C.In 1946, Brando showed his dedication to the Jewish desire for a homeland by performing in Ben Hecht's Zionist play "A Flag is Born." Brando's involvement had an impact on three of the most contentious issues of the early postwar period: the fight to establish a Jewish state, the smuggling of Holocaust survivors to Israel, and the battle against racial segregation in the United States.
Brando attended some fundraisers for John F. Kennedy in the 1960 presidential election.
In August 1963, Brando participated in the March on Washington along with fellow celebrities Harry Belafonte, James Garner, Charlton Heston, Burt Lancaster, and Sidney Poitier.[35] Brando also, along with Paul Newman, participated in the freedom rides.
In the aftermath of the 1968 slaying of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., Brando made one of the strongest commitments to furthering Dr. King's work. Shortly after Dr. King's death, Brando announced that he was bowing out of the lead role of a major film (The Arrangement) which was about to begin production, in order to devote himself to the civil rights movement. "I felt I’d better go find out where it is; what it is to be black in this country; what this rage is all about," Brando said on the late night ABC-TV Joey Bishop Show.
The actor's participation in the African-American civil rights movement actually began well before King's death. In the early 1960s Brando contributed thousands of dollars to both the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (S.C.L.C.) and to a scholarship fund established for the children of slain Mississippi N.A.A.C.P. leader Medgar Evers. By this time, Brando was already involved in films that carried messages about human rights: "Sayonara," which addressed interracial romance, and "The Ugly American," depicting the conduct of US officials abroad and its deleterious effect on the citizens of foreign countries. For a time Brando was also donating money to the Black Panther Party and considered himself a friend of founder Bobby Seale.[36] However, Brando ended his financial support for the group over his perception of its increasing radicalization, specifically a passage in a Panther pamphlet put out by Eldridge Cleaver advocating indiscriminate violence, "for the Revolution."
At the 1973 Academy Awards ceremony, Brando refused to accept the Oscar for his performance in The Godfather. Sacheen Littlefeather represented Mr. Brando at the ceremony. She appeared in full Apache clothing. She stated that owing to the "poor treatment of Native Americans in the film industry" Mr. Brando would not accept the award.[37] At this time the 1973 standoff at Wounded Knee occurred, causing rising tensions between the government and Native American activists. The event grabbed the attention of the US and the world media. This was considered a major event and victory for the movement by its supporters and participants.
Outside of his film work, Brando not only appeared before the California Assembly in support of a fair housing law, but personally joined picket lines in demonstrations protesting discrimination in housing developments.
Comments on Jews, Hollywood, and Israel
In an interview in Playboy magazine in January 1979, Brando said: "You've seen every single race besmirched, but you never saw an image of the kike because the Jews were ever so watchful for that—and rightly so. They never allowed it to be shown on screen. The Jews have done so much for the world that, I suppose, you get extra disappointed because they didn't pay attention to that."[38]
Brando made a similar allegation on Larry King Live in April 1996, saying "Hollywood is run by Jews; it is owned by Jews, and they should have a greater sensitivity about the issue of—of people who are suffering. Because they've exploited—we have seen the—we have seen the Nigger and Greaseball, we've seen the Chink, we've seen the slit-eyed dangerous Jap, we have seen the wily Filipino, we've seen everything but we never saw the Kike. Because they knew perfectly well, that that is where you draw the wagons around." King, who is Jewish, replied, "When you say—when you say something like that you are playing right in, though, to anti-Semitic people who say the Jews are—" at which point Brando interrupted. "No, no, because I will be the first one who will appraise the Jews honestly and say 'Thank God for the Jews.'"[39]
Jay Kanter, Brando's agent, producer and friend defended him in Daily Variety: "Marlon has spoken to me for hours about his fondness for the Jewish people, and he is a well-known supporter of Israel."[40]
In an interview with NBC Today one day after Brando's death, Larry King also defended Brando's comments saying that they were out of proportion and taken out of context.
POR: EFEMERIDES.NET Y WIKIPEDIA
Batalla de Gettysburg
1961 Nació Carl Lewis, atleta estadounidense.
1723 Nació Pedro Rodríguez, conde de Campomanes, político español.
1646 Nació G.W.de Leibnitz, filósofo y científico alemán.
2004 Fallece Marlon Brando, actor, The Godfather, muere a los 80.
1997 Fallece Joshua Hassan, ministro principal de Gibraltar.
1974 Fallece Juan Domingo Perón, presidente de Argentina.
1876 Fallece Mijail A. Bakunin, anarquista ruso.
San Justino Mártir
San Felix de Nicosia
Efemérides del día, efemérides de la semana, efemérides del año. Cuándo nació? Donde nació? Donde murió? Cuando murió? Cómo murió?. Santoral de hoy, todos los Santos, las Santas, las Beatas...
1997 ETA libera al secuestrado Cosme Delclaux tras recibir un rescate de 1.000 millones, después de un secuestro de 232 días. Pocas horas después, la Guardia Civil rescata a José Antonio Ortega Lara, quien estuvo encerrado en un zulo de Mondragón 532 días.
1994 Yasir Arafat regresa a Palestina tras 27 años de exilio.
1987 Entra en vigor el Acta Única Europea.
1984 Se impone la obligatoriedad en todos los envíos el código postal en España.
1976 El Rey destituye a Carlos Arias Navarro.
1940 Comienza en Francia el "Gobierno de Vichy", siendo Petain Jefe del Estado.
1936 Se funda en Buenos Aires la Academia Nacional de Bellas Artes.
1924 Se inaugura en Nueva York el puente sobre el Hudson, de 2.724 metros de longitud.
1921 Fundación del Partido Comunista Chino en Shanghai.
1917 Pu Yi, de 11 años, es coronado, por segunda vez, emperador de China.
1916 Entra en vigor la "Ley seca" en EEUU que prohibe las bebidas alcohólicas en 24 Estados, afectando a 33 millones de personas.
1914 El científico inglés Archibald Low presenta en Londres un aparato capaz de transmitir imágenes a distancia al que llama televisión.
1911 Hiram Bingham descubre las ruinas de Machu Picchu (Perú), la ciudad sagrada de los incas.
1863 Batalla de Gettysburg, Pennsylvania; se detiene el avance del General Lee hacia el norte.
1831 Descubrimiento del polo magnético septentrional.
1808 Los franceses sitian Zaragoza durante la Guerra de la Independencia.
1798 Napoleón toma la ciudad de Alejandría.
1751 Aparece en París el primer tomo de la Enciclopedia de las Ciencias, las Artes y los Oficios.
=========================
Tribute to Marlon Brando
Marlon Brando, Jr. (April 3, 1924 – July 1, 2004) was an American actor who performed for over half a century.
He was perhaps best known for his roles as Stanley Kowalski in A Streetcar Named Desire (1951), his Academy Award-nominated performance as Emiliano Zapata in Viva Zapata! (1952), his role as Mark Antony in the MGM film adaptation of the Shakespeare play Julius Caesar (1953), for which he was nominated for an Academy Award, and his Academy Award-winning performance as Terry Malloy in On the Waterfront (1954). During the 1970s, he was most famous for his Academy Award-winning performance as Vito Corleone in Francis Ford Coppola's The Godfather (1972), also playing Colonel Walter Kurtz in another Coppola film, Apocalypse Now (1979). Brando delivered an Academy Award-nominated performance as Paul in Last Tango in Paris (1972), in addition to directing and starring in the western film One-Eyed Jacks (1961).
Brando had a significant impact on film acting, and was the foremost example of the "method" acting style. While he became notorious for his "mumbling" diction and exuding a raw animal magnetism,[1] his mercurial performances were nonetheless highly regarded, and he is considered one of the greatest and most influential actors of the 20th century. Director Martin Scorsese said of him, "He is the marker. There's 'before Brando' and 'after Brando'.'"[2] Actor Jack Nicholson once said, "When Marlon dies, everybody moves up one."[3]
Brando was also an activist, supporting many issues, notably the African-American Civil Rights Movement and various American Indian Movements.
Early life
Marlon Brando was born in Omaha, Nebraska, to Marlon Brando, Sr., a pesticide and chemical feed manufacturer, and his wife, Dorothy Julia (née Pennebaker).[citation needed] His parents moved to Evanston, Illinois, but separated when he was eleven years old. His mother took her three children: Jocelyn (1919–2005), Frances (1922–1994) and Marlon, to live with her mother in Santa Ana, California.[citation needed] In 1937, Brando's parents reconciled and moved together to Libertyville, Illinois, north of Chicago.[citation needed]
Brando's family was of German, Dutch, Irish, and English ancestry. His direct male ancestor Johann Wilhelm Brandau emigrated to New Amsterdam in the 17th century from Pfalz, Germany (contrary to some biographies, Brando's grandfather Eugene E. Brando was not French but was born in New York.)[4] Brando was raised a Christian Scientist.[5] His grandmother Marie Holloway abandoned her family when Marlon Brando, Sr., was five years old. She used the money Eugene sent her to support her gambling and alcoholism.[6]
Marlon Brando, Sr., was a talented amateur photographer. His wife, known as Dodie, was unconventional but talented, having been an actress.[7][8] She smoked, wore trousers, and drove cars, unusual for women at the time. However, she was an alcoholic and often had to be brought home from Chicago bars by her husband; she finally joined Alcoholics Anonymous. Dodie Brando acted and was a theater administrator. She helped Henry Fonda to begin his acting career, and fueled her son Marlon's interest in stage acting. However, Brando was closer to his maternal grandmother, Bessie Gahan Pennebaker Meyers, than to his mother. Widowed while young, Meyers worked as a secretary and later as a Christian Science practitioner. Her father, Myles Gahan, was a doctor from Ireland; her mother, Julia Watts, was from England.
Brando was a mimic from early childhood and developed an ability to absorb the mannerisms of people he played and display them dramatically while staying in character. His sister Jocelyn Brando was the first to pursue an acting career, going to study at the American Academy of Dramatic Art. She appeared on Broadway, then movies and television. Brando's sister Frances left college in California to study art in New York. Brando soon followed her.
Brando had been held back a year in school and was later expelled from Libertyville High School for riding his motorcycle through the corridors. He was sent to Shattuck Military Academy, where his father had studied before him. Brando excelled at theatre and did well in the school. In his final year (1943), however, he was put on probation for talking back to a student officer during maneuvers. He was confined to the campus, but tried going into town, and was caught. The faculty voted to expel him, though he was supported by the students, who thought expulsion was too harsh. He was invited back for the following year, but decided instead to drop out of high school.[9]
Brando worked as a ditch-digger as a summer job arranged by his father. It was also during this time that Brando attempted to join the Army. However at his army induction physical it was discovered that a football injury that he had sustained at Shattuck had left him with a trick knee. Brando was therefore classified as a 4-F, and not inducted into the Army.[10] He then decided to follow his sisters to New York. His father supported him for six months, then offered to help him find a job as a salesman. However, Brando left to study at the American Theatre Wing Professional School, part of the Dramatic Workshop of The New School with the influential German director Erwin Piscator and at the Actors Studio. He also studied with Stella Adler and learned the techniques of the Stanislavski System. There is a story in which Adler spoke about teaching Brando, saying that she had instructed the class to act like chickens, then adding that a nuclear bomb was about to fall on them. Most of the class clucked and ran around wildly, but Brando sat calmly and pretended to lay an egg. Asked by Adler why he had chosen to react this way, he said, "I'm a chicken, what do I know about nuclear bombs?"[citation needed]
Career
Early work
A 24-year-old Brando as Stanley Kowalski on the set of the stage version of A Streetcar Named Desire, photographed by Carl Van Vechten in 1948Brando used his Stanislavski System skills for his first summer-stock roles in Sayville, New York on Long Island. His behavior got him kicked out of the cast of the New School's production in Sayville, but he was discovered in a locally produced play there and then made it to Broadway in the bittersweet drama I Remember Mama in 1944. Critics voted him "Broadway's Most Promising Actor" for his role as an anguished veteran in Truckline Café, although the play was a commercial failure. In 1946 he appeared on Broadway as the young hero in the political drama A Flag is Born, refusing to accept wages above the Actor's Equity rate because of his commitment to the cause of Israeli independence.[11][12] In that same year, Brando played the role of Marchbanks with Katharine Cornell in her production's revival of Candida, one of her signature roles.[13] Cornell also cast him as The Messenger in a her production of Jean Anouilh's Antigone that same year. Brando achieved stardom, however, as Stanley Kowalski in Tennessee Williams's 1947 play A Streetcar Named Desire, directed by Elia Kazan. Brando sought out that role,[14] driving out to Provincetown, Massachusetts, where Williams was spending the summer, to audition for the part. Williams recalled that he opened the screen door and knew, instantly, that he had his Stanley Kowalski. Brando's performance revolutionized acting technique and set the model for the American form of method acting.
Afterward, Brando was asked to do a screen test for Warner Brothers studio for the film Rebel Without A Cause,[15] which James Dean was later cast in. The screen test appears as an extra in the 2006 DVD release of A Streetcar Named Desire.
Brando's first screen role was as the bitter paraplegic veteran in The Men in 1950. True to his method, Brando spent a month in bed at the Birmingham Army Hospital in Van Nuys to prepare for the role. By Brando's own account it may have been because of this film that his draft status was changed from 4-F to 1-A. He had had an operation on the knee he had injured at Shattuck, and it was no longer physically debilitating enough to incur exclusion from the draft. When Brando reported to the induction center he answered a questionnaire provided to him by saying his race was "human", his color was "Seasonal-oyster white to beige", and he told an Army doctor that he was psycho neurotic. When the draft board referred him to a psychiatrist Brando explained how he had been expelled from Military School, and that he had severe problems with authority. Coincidentally enough the psychiatrist knew a doctor friend of Brando, and Brando was able to avoid military service during the Korean War.[16]
Rise to fame
Brando brought his performance as Stanley Kowalski to the screen in Kazan's adaptation of Tennessee Williams's A Streetcar Named Desire, and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actor for that role, and again in each of the next three years for his roles in Viva Zapata! in 1952, Julius Caesar in 1953 as Mark Antony, and On the Waterfront in 1954. These first five films of his career established Brando, as evidenced in his winning the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role in three consecutive years, 1951 to 1953.
In 1953, Brando also starred in The Wild One riding his own Triumph Thunderbird 6T motorcycle which caused consternation to Triumph's importers, as the subject matter was rowdy motorcycle gangs taking over a small town. But the images of Brando posing with his Triumph motorcycle became iconic, even forming the basis of his wax dummy at Madame Tussauds.
Later that same year, Brando starred in Lee Falk's production of George Bernard Shaw's Arms and the Man in Boston. Falk was proud to tell people that Marlon Brando turned down an offer of $10,000 per week on Broadway, in favor of working on Falk's play in Boston. His Boston contract was less than $500 per week. It would be the last time he ever acted in a stage play.
Brando won the Oscar for his role of Terry Malloy in On the Waterfront. For the famous I coulda' been a contender scene, Brando convinced Kazan that the scripted scene was unrealistic, and with Rod Steiger, improvised the final product.
Brando then took a variety of roles in the 1950s: as Sky Masterson in the musical Guys and Dolls; as Sakini, a Japanese interpreter for the U.S. Army in postwar Japan in The Teahouse of the August Moon; as a United States Air Force officer in Sayonara, and a Nazi officer in The Young Lions.
In the 1960s, Brando starred in films such as Mutiny on the Bounty (1962); One-Eyed Jacks (1961), a western that would be the only film Brando would ever direct; The Chase (1966), and Reflections in a Golden Eye (1967), portraying a repressed gay army officer. It was the type of performance that later led critic Stanley Crouch to write, "Brando's main achievement was to portray the taciturn but stoic gloom of those pulverized by circumstances."[17] He also played a guru in the sex farce Candy (1968). Burn! (1969), which Brando would later claim as his personal favorite, was a commercial failure. His career slowed down by the end of the decade as he gained a reputation for being difficult to work with.
The Godfather
Brando's performance as Vito Corleone or 'the Don' in 1972's The Godfather was a mid-career turning point. Director Francis Ford Coppola convinced Brando to submit to a "make-up" test, in which Brando did his own makeup (he used cotton balls to simulate the puffed-cheek look). Coppola was electrified by Brando's characterization as the head of a crime family, but had to fight the studio in order to cast the temperamental Brando. Mario Puzo always imagined Brando as Corleone.[18] However, Paramount studio heads wanted to give the role to Danny Thomas in the hope that Thomas would have his own production company throw in its lot with Paramount. Thomas declined the role and actually urged the studio to cast Brando at the behest of Coppola and others who had witnessed the screen test.
Eventually, Charles Bluhdorn, the president of Paramount parent Gulf + Western, was won over to letting Brando have the role; when he saw the screen test, he asked in amazement, "What are we watching? Who is this old guinea?"
Brando won the Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance, but turned down the Oscar, becoming the second actor to refuse a Best Actor award (the first being George C. Scott for Patton). Brando boycotted the award ceremony, sending instead American Indian Rights activist Sacheen Littlefeather, who appeared in full Apache dress, to state Brando's reasons, which were based on his objection to the depiction of American Indians[19] by Hollywood and television.
The actor followed with Bernardo Bertolucci's 1973 film, Last Tango in Paris, but the performance was overshadowed by an uproar over the erotic nature of the film. Despite the controversy which attended both the film and the man, the Academy once again nominated Brando for the Best Actor.
Brando, along with James Caan, was later scheduled in 1974 to appear in the final scene of The Godfather Part II. However, rewrites were made to the script when Brando refused to show up to the studio on the single day of shooting due to disputes with the studio.
Later career
Brando portrayed Superman's father Jor-El in the 1978 Superman. He agreed to the role only on assurance that he would be paid a large sum for what amounted to a small part, that he would not have to read the script beforehand and his lines would be displayed somewhere off-camera. It was revealed in a documentary contained in the 2001 DVD release of Superman, that he was paid $3.7 million for just two weeks of work.
Brando also filmed scenes for the movie's sequel, Superman II, but after producers refused to pay him the same percentage he received for the first movie, he denied them permission to use the footage. However, after Brando's death the footage was reincorporated into the 2006 re-cut of the film, Superman II: The Richard Donner Cut.
Two years after Brando's death, he "reprised" the role of Jor-El in the 2006 "loose sequel" Superman Returns, in which both used and unused archive footage of Brando as Jor-El from the first two Superman films was remastered for a scene in the Fortress of Solitude, and Brando's voice-overs were used throughout the film.
In 1979, Marlon Brando starred as Colonel Walter E. Kurtz in Francis Ford Coppola's Vietnam epic Apocalypse Now. Brando plays a highly decorated American Army Special Forces officer who goes renegade. He runs his own operations out of Cambodia and is feared by the US military as much as the Vietnamese. Brando was paid $1 million a week for his work.
Despite announcing his retirement from acting in 1980, he subsequently gave interesting supporting performances in movies such as A Dry White Season (for which he was again nominated for an Oscar in 1989), The Freshman in 1990 and Don Juan DeMarco in 1995. In his last film, The Score (2001), he starred with fellow method actor Robert De Niro. Some later performances, such as The Island of Dr Moreau (1996), earned Brando some of the most uncomplimentary reviews of his career.
Brando conceived the idea of a novel called Fan-Tan with director Donald Cammell in 1979, which was not released until 2005.[20]
In 2004, Brando signed with Tunisian film director Ridha Behion and began pre-production on a project to be titled Brando and Brando. Up to a week before his death, Brando was working on the script in anticipation of a July/August 2004 start date.[21] Production was suspended in July 2004 following Brando's death, at which time Behi stated that he would continue the film as an homage to Brando,[22] with a new title of Citizen Brando.[23][24]
Personal life
Brando became well known for his crusades for civil rights, Native American rights, and other political causes. He also earned a "bad boy" reputation for his public outbursts and antics. On June 12, 1973, Brando broke paparazzo Ron Galella's jaw. Galella had followed Brando, who was accompanied by talk show host Dick Cavett, after a taping of The Dick Cavett Show in New York City. He reportedly paid a $40,000 out-of-court settlement and suffered an infected hand as a result. Galella wore a football helmet the next time he photographed Brando at a gala benefiting the American Indians Development Association.
In Songs My Mother Taught Me, Brando claimed he met Marilyn Monroe at a party as she played piano, unnoticed by anybody else there, and they had an affair and maintained an intermittent relationship for many years, receiving a telephone call from her several days before she died. He also claimed numerous other romances, although he did not discuss his marriages, his wives, or his children in his autobiography.
Brando married actress Anna Kashfi in 1957. Kashfi was born in Calcutta and moved to Wales from India in 1947. She is said to have been the daughter of a Welsh steel worker of Irish descent, William O'Callaghan, who had been superintendent on the Indian State railways. However, in her book, Brando for Breakfast, she claimed that she really is half Indian and that the press incorrectly thought that her stepfather, O'Callaghan, was her real father. She said her real father was Indian and that she was the result of an "unregistered alliance" between her parents. In 1959, Brando and Kashfi divorced after the birth of their son, Christian Brando, on May 11, 1958.
In 1960, Brando married Movita Castaneda, a Mexican-American actress seven years his senior; they were divorced in 1962. Castaneda had appeared in the first Mutiny on the Bounty film in 1935, some 27 years before the 1962 remake with Brando as Fletcher Christian. Brando's behavior during the filming of Bounty seemed to bolster his reputation as a difficult star. He was blamed for a change in director and a runaway budget, though he disclaimed responsibility for either.
The Bounty experience affected Brando's life in a profound way. He fell in love with Tahiti and its people. He bought a twelve-island atoll, Tetiaroa, which he intended to make partly an environmental laboratory and partly a resort. Tahitian beauty Tarita Teriipia, who played Fletcher Christian's love interest, became Brando's third wife on August 10, 1962. She was 20 years old, 18 years younger than Brando. A 1961 article on Teriipia in the fan magazine Motion Picture described Brando's delight at how naïve and unsophisticated she was. Because Teriipia was a native French speaker, Brando became fluent in the language and gave numerous interviews in French.[25][26] Teriipia became the mother of two of his children. They divorced in July 1972. Brando eventually had a hotel built on Tetiaroa. It went through many redesigns as a result of changes demanded by Brando over the years. It is now closed. A new hotel, consisting of thirty deluxe villas, was planned.[27]
In an interview with Gary Carey, for his 1976 biography The Only Contender, Brando said, "Homosexuality is so much in fashion it no longer makes news. Like a large number of men, I, too, have had homosexual experiences and I am not ashamed. I have never paid much attention to what people think about me. But if there is someone who is convinced that Jack Nicholson and I are lovers, may they continue to do so. I find it amusing." On his death, his ashes were scattered in Tahiti and Death Valley.
In 1992, he donated money to Michael Jackson to help start his Heal the World Foundation.
Childrenby Anna Kashfi:
Christian Devi Brando (aka Gary Brown; May 11, 1958 – January 26, 2008, died of pneumonia)
by Movita Castaneda
Miko Castaneda Brando (b. 1960)
Rebecca Brando (b. 1966)
by Tarita Teriipia:
Simon Teihotu Brando (b. 1963) – the only inhabitant of Tetiaroa
Tarita Cheyenne Brando (1970–1995), committed suicide by hanging
adopted:
Petra Brando-Corval (b. 1972), daughter of Brando's assistant Caroline Barrett and novelist James Clavell (aka Charles Edmund DuMaresq de Clavell)
by unidentified mothers:
Stefano Brando aka Stephen Blackehart (b. 1967)[28][29]
Maimiti Brando (b. 1977)
Raiatua Brando (b. 1982)
Dylan Brando (1968–1988)
by his housekeeper, Maria Christina Ruiz:
Ninna Priscilla Brando (b. May 13, 1989)
Myles Jonathan Brando (b. January 16, 1992)
Timothy Gahan Brando (b. January 6, 1994)
Grandchildren
Michael Brando (b.1988)
Tuki Brando (b. 1990)
Shooting involving Brando's son, Christian
In May 1990, Dag Drollet, the Tahitian lover of Brando's daughter Cheyenne, died of a gunshot wound after a confrontation with Cheyenne's half-brother Christian at the family's hilltop home above Beverly Hills. Christian, then 31 years old, claimed he was drunk and the shooting was accidental.
After heavily publicized pre-trial proceedings, Christian pleaded guilty to voluntary manslaughter and use of a gun. He was sentenced to ten years in prison. Before the sentence, Brando delivered an hour of testimony, in which he said he and his former wife had failed Christian. He commented softly to members of the Drollet family: "I'm sorry... If I could trade places with Dag, I would. I'm prepared for the consequences." Afterward, Drollet's father said he thought Brando was acting and his son was "getting away with murder." The tragedy was compounded in 1995, when Cheyenne, suffering from lingering effects of a serious car accident and said to still be depressed over Drollet's death, committed suicide by hanging herself in Tahiti. Christian Brando died of pneumonia at age 49, on January 26, 2008.
Final years and death
Brando's notoriety, his troubled family life, and his obesity attracted more attention than his late acting career. He gained a great deal of weight in the 1980s and by the mid 1990s he weighed over 300 lbs. (136 kg) and suffered from diabetes. Like Orson Welles or Elvis Presley, he had a history of weight fluctuations through his career, attributed to his years of stress-related overeating followed by compensatory dieting. He also earned a reputation for being difficult on the set, often unwilling or unable to memorize his lines and less interested in taking direction than in confronting the film director with odd demands. Brando also dabbled with some innovation in his last years. Brando had several patents issued in his name from the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, all of which involve a method of tensioning drum heads, in June 2002 – November 2004. For example, see U.S. Patent 6,812,392 and its equivalents.
The actor was a longtime close friend of entertainer Michael Jackson and paid regular visits to his Neverland Ranch, resting there for weeks at a time. Brando also participated in the singer's two-day solo career thirtieth-anniversary celebration concerts in 2001, and starred in his 13-minute-long music video, "You Rock My World," in the same year. The actor's son, Miko, was Jackson's bodyguard and assistant for several years, and was a friend of the singer. He stated "The last time my father left his house to go anywhere, to spend any kind of time... was with Michael Jackson. He loved it... He had a 24-hour chef, 24-hour security, 24-hour help, 24-hour kitchen, 24-hour maid service."[30] On Jackson's 30th anniversary concert, Brando gave a speech to the audience on humanitarian work which received a poor reaction from the audience and was unaired.
On July 1, 2004, Brando died, aged 80. He left behind eleven children as well as over thirty grandchildren. The cause of death was intentionally withheld, his lawyer citing privacy concerns. It was later revealed that he had died at UCLA Medical Center of respiratory failure brought on by pulmonary fibrosis. He also suffered from congestive heart failure,[31] failing eyesight caused by diabetes, and liver cancer.[32] Before his death and despite his ill-health, he recorded his voice to appear in The Godfather: The Game, once again as Don Vito Corleone.
Karl Malden, Brando's fellow actor in A Streetcar Named Desire, On The Waterfront, and One-Eyed Jacks (the only film directed by Brando), talks in a documentary accompanying the DVD of A Streetcar Named Desire about a phone call he received from Brando shortly before Brando's death. A distressed Brando told Malden he kept falling over. Malden wanted to come over, but Brando put him off telling him there was no point. Three weeks later, Brando was dead. Shortly before his death, Brando had apparently refused permission for tubes carrying oxygen to be inserted into his lungs, which, he was told, was the only way to prolong his life.
Brando was cremated, and his ashes were put in with those of his childhood friend Wally Cox and another friend. They were then scattered partly in Tahiti and partly in Death Valley.[33]
In 2007, a 165-minute biopic of Brando, Brando: The Documentary, produced by Mike Medavoy (the executor of Brando's will) for Turner Classic Movies, was released.[34]
Politics
Civil rights
Brando with James Baldwin at the 1963 Civil Rights March on Washington, D.C.In 1946, Brando showed his dedication to the Jewish desire for a homeland by performing in Ben Hecht's Zionist play "A Flag is Born." Brando's involvement had an impact on three of the most contentious issues of the early postwar period: the fight to establish a Jewish state, the smuggling of Holocaust survivors to Israel, and the battle against racial segregation in the United States.
Brando attended some fundraisers for John F. Kennedy in the 1960 presidential election.
In August 1963, Brando participated in the March on Washington along with fellow celebrities Harry Belafonte, James Garner, Charlton Heston, Burt Lancaster, and Sidney Poitier.[35] Brando also, along with Paul Newman, participated in the freedom rides.
In the aftermath of the 1968 slaying of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., Brando made one of the strongest commitments to furthering Dr. King's work. Shortly after Dr. King's death, Brando announced that he was bowing out of the lead role of a major film (The Arrangement) which was about to begin production, in order to devote himself to the civil rights movement. "I felt I’d better go find out where it is; what it is to be black in this country; what this rage is all about," Brando said on the late night ABC-TV Joey Bishop Show.
The actor's participation in the African-American civil rights movement actually began well before King's death. In the early 1960s Brando contributed thousands of dollars to both the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (S.C.L.C.) and to a scholarship fund established for the children of slain Mississippi N.A.A.C.P. leader Medgar Evers. By this time, Brando was already involved in films that carried messages about human rights: "Sayonara," which addressed interracial romance, and "The Ugly American," depicting the conduct of US officials abroad and its deleterious effect on the citizens of foreign countries. For a time Brando was also donating money to the Black Panther Party and considered himself a friend of founder Bobby Seale.[36] However, Brando ended his financial support for the group over his perception of its increasing radicalization, specifically a passage in a Panther pamphlet put out by Eldridge Cleaver advocating indiscriminate violence, "for the Revolution."
At the 1973 Academy Awards ceremony, Brando refused to accept the Oscar for his performance in The Godfather. Sacheen Littlefeather represented Mr. Brando at the ceremony. She appeared in full Apache clothing. She stated that owing to the "poor treatment of Native Americans in the film industry" Mr. Brando would not accept the award.[37] At this time the 1973 standoff at Wounded Knee occurred, causing rising tensions between the government and Native American activists. The event grabbed the attention of the US and the world media. This was considered a major event and victory for the movement by its supporters and participants.
Outside of his film work, Brando not only appeared before the California Assembly in support of a fair housing law, but personally joined picket lines in demonstrations protesting discrimination in housing developments.
Comments on Jews, Hollywood, and Israel
In an interview in Playboy magazine in January 1979, Brando said: "You've seen every single race besmirched, but you never saw an image of the kike because the Jews were ever so watchful for that—and rightly so. They never allowed it to be shown on screen. The Jews have done so much for the world that, I suppose, you get extra disappointed because they didn't pay attention to that."[38]
Brando made a similar allegation on Larry King Live in April 1996, saying "Hollywood is run by Jews; it is owned by Jews, and they should have a greater sensitivity about the issue of—of people who are suffering. Because they've exploited—we have seen the—we have seen the Nigger and Greaseball, we've seen the Chink, we've seen the slit-eyed dangerous Jap, we have seen the wily Filipino, we've seen everything but we never saw the Kike. Because they knew perfectly well, that that is where you draw the wagons around." King, who is Jewish, replied, "When you say—when you say something like that you are playing right in, though, to anti-Semitic people who say the Jews are—" at which point Brando interrupted. "No, no, because I will be the first one who will appraise the Jews honestly and say 'Thank God for the Jews.'"[39]
Jay Kanter, Brando's agent, producer and friend defended him in Daily Variety: "Marlon has spoken to me for hours about his fondness for the Jewish people, and he is a well-known supporter of Israel."[40]
In an interview with NBC Today one day after Brando's death, Larry King also defended Brando's comments saying that they were out of proportion and taken out of context.
POR: EFEMERIDES.NET Y WIKIPEDIA
HOY EN EL CALENDARIO CUBANO, 1 DE JULIO
Entrando en Varadero, Cárdenas, Matanzas
• Santos católicos que celebran su día el 1 de julio:
- En el Almanaque Cubano de 1921:
La Preciosísima Sangre de Nuestro Señor Jesucristo. Santos Secundino y Casto, mártires y Santa Leonor mártir
- En el Almanaque Campesino de 1946:
La Preciosísima Sangre de Nuestro Señor Jesucristo. Santos Secundino y Casto y Santa Leonor mártires
• Natalicios cubanos:
Nápoles Fajardo, Juan Cristóbal: -“El Cucalambe” -Nació en Victoria de las Tunas el 19 de julio de 1829. Aprendió con un sacristán de Bayamo las primeras letras y con su hermano Manuel (que había estudiado en el Seminario de Santiago de Cuba) algo de retórica o preceptiva literaria. Fue uno de los primeros cultivadores de los cantos populares (décimas de guajiros) que le dieron mucho renombre (Varona los ensalzó extraordinariamente) y que firmaba con el seudónimo de “El Cucalambe”. “El Fanal” publicó sus primeras décimas allá por el 1845 y en vista de la acogida que tuvieron, el autor las coleccionó y publicó en un tomo (“Rumores del Hormigo”) en La Habana, que fue seguido de dos ediciones más, la última en Holguín, en 1867. Nuevamente, uno de sus admiradores, José Muñiz Vergara, propició una edición, salida en La Habana en 1938. Se trasladó a Santiago de Cuba, en donde continuó con sus décimas y un buen empleo público. Fundó y colaboró en los periódicos de la localidad y escribió algunas comedias.
El 1 de julio en la Historia de Cuba
• 1955 -
- En la Bohemia del 26 de junio de 1955.
“El Día de la Publicidad, primero de julio próximo, será celebrado con un espléndido festival en el Teatro Blanquita, entre cuyos asistentes se sorteará un automóvil Plymouth donado por nuestro Director, Dr. Miguel Angel Quevedo. La foto recoge el momento en que nuestro Director de Publicidad, Sr. Pablo González Villagra, hacía entrega del mismo al Sr. Manuel Sánchez Maspons, presidente de la Comisión Organizadora de la función, y a los señores Raúl Alvarez del Corral, Roberto García Serra, Orestes Martínez y Enrique Parra.”
• 1920 -
- Inauguración del Hospital Municipal "General F. Freyre de Andrade" para casos de emergencia en la Avenida de Carlos III de la Ciudad de La Habana.
• 1909 -
- Nueva Dirección de Comunicaciones 10 de julio de 1909, La Habana - Revista Carteles del 28 de octubre de 1956
“La Habana, julio 10 de 1909. -Casa situada en Teniente Rey No. 11, esquina a Mercaderes, propiedad de la señora Moría Luisa Gómez de Cagigas, que ha sido arrendado por el Estado al precio de 1,500 pesos mensuales para alojar en ella la Dirección de Comunicaciones. El contrato se ha firmado por tres años prorrogable a tres años más.
• 1900 -
-Ayuntaminto Electo por Cubanos - Revista Carteles del 28 de octubre de 1956
“La Habana, julio 1º de 1900. Hoy tomó posesión el primer Ayuntamiento cubano elegido por el pueblo. A las doce del día llego al edificio municipal el alcalde, señor Mederos, acompañando al general Gómez y al Gobernador Militar. El general Wood tomó asiento a la derecha y Gómez en uno de los sillones destinados a los concejales.
“Leída la memoria se dio posesión a los ediles Mosquera, Serrapiñana, Varela Zequeira, Higinio Rodríguez, Ambrosio Díaz, Mendieta, Gener, Ramón Alfonso, Zárraga, Eligio, Núñez Villavicencio, Dolz, Borges, Cándido Hoyos, Enrique Ponce, Torralba, Ramón O'Farrill, Veiga, González, Zayas, Polanco, Zarraínz y Casuso. No asistieron Eligio Bonachea y Fernández de Castro.
“El señor Mederos presento al alcalde electo, general Alejandro Rodríguez. Terminado el acto pasaron el buffet, el general Gómez obsequio a Wood un bouquet que obtentaba una bandera cubana y el gobernador militar la desprendió y la colocó en el ojal de su americana. A las tres el Ayuntamiento visitó al general Wood, el cual manifestó a sus visitantes que: "pueden estar seguros los cubanos de que el Gobierno americano cumplirá bien y solemnemente los compromisos que ha contraído ante el mundo". Terminó diciendo que "la independencia de Cuba sólo los cubanos podrán impedirla".
• 1898 -
- Combate de la loma San Juan. En esta acción pelearon las fuerzas americanas y las cubanas de Calixto García contra las españolas. Murió del general español Vara de Rey.
• 1866 -
- El 1 de julio de 1866 se crearon los ayuntamientos de Mariel y Consolación del Sur.
• 1762 -
- Escuadra Británica en La Habana.
- El 11 de junio el ejército inglés tomó las alturas de La Cabaña, al otro lado de la Bahía de La Habana y frente a la ciudad. La fortaleza de La Cabaña se construyó después que La Habana regresó a los españoles.
- Desde esta posición estratégica, el 1º de julio comenzaron los cañones ingleses el bombardeo sobre el castillo de El Morro. Tres naves de la flota inglesa asistieron en el ataque a El Morro.
- Dieciséis días más tarde El Morro no daba señas de rendimiento, entonces los ingleses comenzaron a poner minas para derribar sus paredes.
- Referencia adicional: Dominación de La Habana por los Ingleses en El Ayuntamiento de La Habana - Reseña Histórica.
• 1550 -
- Azúcar y Esclavitud.
- Emeterio S. Santovenia en “Un Día Como Hoy” de la Editorial Trópico, 1946, páginas 371-372 nos describe los acontecimientos del 1 de julio de 1550 en la Historia de Cuba:
“José Antonio Saco lo dijo con precisión insuperable: ingenios de azúcar y negros esclavos, en los días de la colonización de Cuba por los castellanos, podían tomarse por sinónimos. El criterio económico de los hombres de aquellos días así se manifestaba. Estaba demasiado arraigada la idea de que era imposible el fomento de la agricultura y de las industrias sin la existencia de la oprobiosa institución de la esclavitud. Personajes cristianísimos no hallaban inconveniente en patrocinar propósitos y planes que, en realidad de verdad, no eran sino la más rotunda negación de los principios gustos proclamados por el dulce Maestro.
“De aquella manera se pensaba unánimemente respecto del desarrollo económicosocial del Nuevo Mundo en el siglo XVI. A tal dictamen se ajustó el licenciado Gonzalo Pérez de Angulo en el gobierno de Cuba, como pudo verse en el memorial que dirigió al emperador Carlos V en 1° de julio de 1550 en demanda de soberana ayuda para los pobladores europeos de la Isla. El Gobernador pidió entonces al monarca español que prestase a determinados vecinos diez o doce mil pesos y contribuyese al establecimiento de cinco o seis ingenios, "con cuya contratación habría diezmos y salarios para el Gobernador y Oficiales".
“A juicio de la primera autoridad de la Isla, no bastaba que fuese a ésta otorgado aquello. Fijó su pensamiento en la introducción de esclavos africanos, y no anduvo con ambages ni rodeos para mostrarse afiliado a la escuela que no concebía la existencia de ingenios de azúcar sin esclavos. Pérez de Angulo puso mucho empeño en llevar al convencimiento del Emperador la necesidad de coadyuvar al adelanto del país a trueque de ampliar el comercio de carne humana. Su opinión, como la de cuantos más abogaron a través de los tiempos en igual sentido, debió de ser muy persuasiva, pues, al cabo, la Metrópoli estuvo acorde con los entusiastas defensores de la trata.
“Ni en tal ocasión estuvo solo ni aislado Pérez de Ángulo. Contó con el concurso de varones de la preeminencia del provincial de los frailes dominicos del Perú. Este predicador de las doctrinas de Jesús creyó muy del caso y muy en armonía con su ministerio informar a la Corona, estando él en Sevilla, después de haber visitado a Cuba, que debía prestar atención preferente al memorial de Gonzalo Pérez de Angulo. Y, además de hacer recomendación tan especial, apuntó procedimientos que consideraba adecuados y señaló el número, crecido por supuesto, de africanos cuya introducción era menester para que la Isla no se perdiese.”
=========================
ASESINADO POR EL REGIMEN CASTRISTA
Elio Rodríguez, Age 13. 22-08-61.
La Víbora, Havana.
Assassinated by police, who claim he committed suicide.
POR: GUIJE CUBA Y ARCHIVOS DE CUBA
¡HEROE DEL MOMENTO!
Me divierte hacer canciones contra los Castro
Ha declarado el rockero cubano Gorki Aguila, luego de un concierto en Praga.
martinoticias.com 30 de junio de 2011
Foto: EFE Tengo citaciones de la policía "como para hacer dulce", afirmó el músico cubano.
Todo el fracaso del modelo social en Cuba tiene un nombre: se llama los hermanos Castro y a mí me divierte mucho hacer canciones en contra de ellos, ha asegurado en Praga Gorki Aguila, líder de la banda de Rock Porno para Ricardo.
La Plaza Wenceslao de la capital de República Checa, acogió el concierto final de una semana dedicada a la Libertad, y Gorki Aguila fue una de las figuras a las que les correspondió clausurar la jornada cultural.
El artista cubano explicó que luego tendrá tiempo e inspiración para abordar otros temas en sus canciones, pero que por el momento, la diana de sus composiciones tiene que ver con la realidad social cubana.
La clausura del Festival tuvo entre sus fines conmemorar el veinte aniversario de la disolución del Pacto de Varsovia y el desmoronamiento del llamado bloque socialista.
Los organizadores del festival United Islands de Praga, uno de los más importantes en su género, había invitado al grupo Porno para Ricardo, pero pese a haber cumplido con los requerimientos legales para viajar, las autoridades castristas no les concedieron el permiso de salida a los miembros de la banda.
Gorki Águila, quien se encontraba en México para visitar a su madre, tuvo que viajar solo al país europeo, donde tocó acompañado por el grupo checo Alaverdi.
En declaraciones a la prensa local, Gorki Aguila denunció la persecución a que son sometidos los artistas cubanos que no comulgan con la política gubernamental y puntualizó que el acoso es contante y que él, personalmente, tiene citaciones de la policía “como para hacer dulce”.
El festival musical United Islands de Praga, que se realiza al aire libre en cuatro islotes del río Moldava, ofreció unos 150 conciertos de música y la cifra de asistentes sobrepasó las 40.000 personas.
Mujeres denuncian abuso policial
Agentes de la policia golpearon y reprimieron violentamente a un grupo de activistas de la Federación Latinoamericana de Mujeres Rurales.
Idolidia Darias/ martinoticias.com 30 de junio de 2011
Foto: Cortesía de Luis Felipe Rojas/ Cruzar las alambradas
Jackelin García.
Activistas de la Federación Latinoamericana de Mujeres Rurales (FLAMUR ), detenidas cuando intentaban llegar al hospital Saturnino Lora de Santiago de Cuba, denuncian la violencia policial de que fueron objeto en el momento del arresto.
Ania Peralta Zapata delegada de FLAMUR en Bayamo declaró a martinoticias.com que ella y tres activistas de la organización viajaban acompañadas de los opositores Yoandri Gutiérrez Vargas, Jesús Garcés y Abel Zamora para darle apoyo a la madre del preso político Jorge Cervantes que estaba ingresado en el hospital y en huelga de hambre.
La policía uniformada en compañía de la policía política detuvo a los opositores y de manera violenta procedió a golpearlos y esposarlos para luego encerrarlos en el centro policial de Santiago de Cuba.
Por su parte Jacqueline García Jáenz, otra de las víctimas, aseguró que todos los policías que los arrestaron eran hombres y que no tuvieron ningún tipo de distinción a la hora de golpearlas y destacó que a más de siete días aún tiene golpes y magulladuras en el cuerpo.
La delegada de FLAMUR Ania Peralta afirmó que después de los maltratos y las setenta y dos horas de arresto fueron regresados hasta la unidad policial de Bayamo bajo un fuerte despliegue policial, que ella calificó de aparatoso e innecesario puesto que ellos son opositores pacíficos y no aprueban ni aplican la violencia.
La violencia policial contra periodistas independiente y activistas de derechos humanos ha aumentado considerablemente en lo que va de año y hasta la fecha se destacan varios casos de golpizas con traumas severos en los que las victimas han tenido que ser hospitalizadas. Tal es el caso del disidente Juan Wilfredo Soto García que falleció horas después de recibir una severa golpiza en un parque público de la ciudad de Santa Clara.
Bono honra a Oscar Elías Biscet
El vocalista de la prestigiosa banda de rock U2, dedicó un momento de su concierto en Miami al opositor cubano.
martinoticias.com 30 de junio de 2011
Foto: Reuters El cantante Bono, conocido por su activismo a favor de las causas humanitarias en todo el planeta, rindió un especial homenaje al conocido opositor cubano Oscar Elías Biscet, durante un concierto efectuado anoche en Miami.
Un video de la presentación del grupo U2 publicado en Babalú Blog, muestra alrededor del minuto 4, al cantante Bono contando la historia del líder pro-democracia cubano, su encarcelamiento y reciente liberación.
Desde el escenario montado en el Estadio Sun Life, rodeado de velas de Amnistía Internacional, Bono dedicó una canción al doctor Biscet y buscó el apoyo del público para decretar a viva voz que "un día dentro de poco Cuba será libre".
Molestias porque Chávez gobierna desde Cuba
Una encuesta refleja que es alta la proporción de venezolanos inconformes de tener un Presidente por control remoto.
martinoticias.com 30 de junio de 2011
Foto: Reuters
Hugo Chávez conversa con Fidel Castro en La Habana, donde convalece de una intervención quirúrgica.
El 59 por ciento los venezolanos está en desacuerdo con que el presidente Hugo Chávez gobierne desde Cuba, donde desde el pasado día 10 de junio convalece de una operación quirúrgica.
Una encuesta realizada por el Instituto Venezolano de Análisis de Datos entre el 16 y el 21 de junio y publicada en Caracas por el diario El Universal refleja que sólo el 35,9 por ciento de los venezolanos dijo no sentirse incómodos con la situación.
Eso a pesar de que el 35 por ciento de los entrevistados por el instituto se declararon chavistas, el 35,6 por ciento como no chavistas, y el 25,3 por ciento dijo no estar a favor ni en contra del gobernante.
Respecto a si Chávez debe continuar o abandonar el poder, el 15,1 por ciento dijo que es necesario que el presidente se vaya antes de que culmine su mandato el año próximo, el 42,7 por ciento está de acuerdo en que termine su período, y sólo el 14,8 por ciento señaló que debe permanecer en la presidencia.
El sondeo también revela que el 56,6 por ciento de los venezolanos cree que la alianza opositora Mesa para la Unidad Democrática puede integrar un buen equipo para disputarle el poder al oficialismo en las próximas elecciones, frente al 36,1 por ciento que piensa que no.
La figura de la oposición mejor vista entre las preferencias electorales reflejadas por la encuesta es el gobernador del estado Miranda, Henrique Capriles, con 16,1 por ciento de aceptación, seguido por Pablo Pérez, con 6,9 por ciento, y el ex candidato a la presidencia Manuel Rosales, con 6,8 por ciento.
Convenios culturales favorecen viajes a Cuba
Los convenios culturales entre Cuba y Estados Unidos, desde su instauración luego de las flexibilizaciones ejecutadas por el gobierno de Barack Obama, han provocado diversas opiniones y posiciones.
martinoticias.com 30 de junio de 2011
Foto: Reuters La congresista cubanoamericana Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, presidenta del Comité de Relaciones Exteriores de la Cámara de Representantes, solicitó el miércoles al gobierno de Estados Unidos la suspensión inmediata de los intercambios culturales con Cuba".
En carta enviada a la Secretaria de Estado, Hillary Clinton, la legisladora republicana convocó a la administración de Barack Obama a cambiar la política vigente en relación con Cuba y eliminar “todos los intercambios educacionales y culturales con el régimen cubano”.
La petición de Ros-Lehtinen está basada en el Informe sobre Tráfico Humano 2011, dado a conocer por el Departamento de Estado esta semana, y en el cual Cuba aparece mencionada entre los países que no cumplen las mínimas normas para eliminar el contrabando humano.
Sin embargo, un despacho de la periodista Ellen Creager del diario Detroit Free Press, indica que ahora es posible para el viajero medio estadounidense viajar a Cuba, sin que ello implique la violación de la ley de Embargo y sin que tenga que enfrentar elevadas multas.
Señala Detroit Free Press que después de meses de espera, proveedores especializados en giras de corte cultural comenzaron a recibir esta semana licencias del gobierno de los Estados Unidos para ofrecer viajes a la isla comunistas.
Bajo la denominación de viajes "de pueblo a pueblo" estas gira tienen como objetivo que las personas de ambos países se conozcan y entiendan unos a otros.
Añade Detroit Free Press que Insight Cuba of New Rochelle, Nueva York no ha perdido tiempo en el lanzamiento de los viajes, sino que anunció el martes que en agosto comenzará con giras que duran entre tres y ocho noches, incluyendo La Habana y Trinidad Colonial.
Entre 2000 y 2004, se había abierto una pequeña ventana para que la gente realizara viajes a la isla caribeña, pero se cerró de nuevo antes de la mayoría de los turistas pudieran tomar ventaja de ello.
El reporte de Creager señala además, que muchos turistas estadounidenses, desafiando las medidas impuestas con anterioridad, han viajado a Cuba ilegalmente a través de Canadá o México, pero han recibido por ellos penalidades cuantiosas y de riguroso cumplimiento.
El año pasado, el gobierno de Barack Obama restauró la posibilidad de los viajes "pueblo a pueblo" para que se establecieran entre cubanos y estadounidenses intercambios culturales que acercaran a ambas naciones.
Concluye el Detroit Free Press que la flexibilización de los viajes a Cuba impone nuevas reglas que no permiten vacaciones en hoteles de playas y se hacen hincapié en que las giras deben tener un carácter cultura.
Aplazan cumbre continental por enfermedad de Chávez
La prolongada ausencia y la cancelación de la cumbre de la Comunidad de Estados Latinoamericanos y Caribeños, que coincidiría con el festejo de los 200 años de la independencia venezolana, parecen confirmar que la salud del mandatario presenta un cuadro delicado.
martinoticias.com 30 de junio de 2011
Foto: EFE
El presidente de Venezuela, Hugo Chávez y Fidel Castro durante un encuentro el pasado martes en La Habana.
El “proceso de recuperación y tratamiento médico sumamente estricto” a que está sometido el mandatario venezolano, Hugo Chávez, en La Habana, ha obligado a posponer la cumbre de la Comunidad de Estados Latinoamericanos y Caribeños (CELAC), prevista para el 5 y 6 de julio en la Isla de Margarita.
"Por esta razón de fuerza mayor, el Gobierno venezolano, previas consultas a los Gobiernos de América Latina y el Caribe, ha tomado la decisión de postergar la cumbre de CELAC (Comunidad de Estados Latinoaméricanos y Caribeños)", asegura una nota oficial del ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores.
La prolongada ausencia del presidente venezolano ha desatado una ola de rumores que se han acrecentado en los últimos días. Sin embargo, la cancelación de la reunión presidencial, que coincidiría con el festejo de los 200 años de la independencia venezolana, parece confirmar que la salud del mandatario presenta un cuadro delicado.
Si, tal y como informaron las autoridades de Venezuela, el presidente fue operado de un absceso pélvico, éste pudo estar ocasionado por una diverticulitis que se rompe, problemas rectales, cáncer de recto, fístulas rectales o afecciones de la próstata, según la opinión de expertos.
La línea de mando
Por: Martha Beatriz Roque Cabello
Los cargos en los niveles más altos del gobierno están en estos momentos cubiertos por militares de alto rango, algunos de ellos incluso que no se habían retirado. Pero, también a las alturas intermedias de dirección, entiéndase empresas, negocios mixtos con extranjeros, gerencias de grandes tiendas y hoteles; hay oficiales de menor graduación, coroneles, tenientes coroneles y mayores, ya jubilados, pero dentro de la escala de la edad laboral, para la vida civil.
Es toda una casta que tiende a permanecer separada del resto de la sociedad, como una clase especial que tiene acceso a lo que dos generaciones de personas pobres quizás no hayan visto en su vida, y desgraciadamente de seguir este régimen dictatorial, morirán sin nunca conocer. Se puede hacer mención a los versos de José Ángel Buesa que rezan: “pasarás por mi vida sin saber que pasaste”.
Estos miembros de la familia mafiosa que dirige el país, residen en las mejores casas, de forma relativa, ya que son construcciones con más de 50 años, que fueron robadas a sus dueños, a través de las leyes que decían que eran para el pueblo; ubicadas en barrios bien atendidos, en el caso de La Habana: en Miramar, Vedado, Nuevo Vedado; y en provincias ocupan las mejores residencias en los municipios donde dirigen. Tienen autos, los del primer nivel con chapa blanca, para la que la policía ni siquiera mira; los otros con matrículas particulares y lo más importante sin racionamiento en la gasolina.
Este tipo de vida licenciosa, en medio de tantos problemas que tiene el país, no les permite preocuparse siquiera de los asuntos que les conciernen como dirigentes, y mucho menos ocuparse. La mayoría piensa en cómo traer nuevos equipos para la casa, coadyuvar a que sus hijos y nietos estén en el último grito de la moda, que puedan asistir a las pocas actividades nocturnas que se pagan en divisa, y lo más importante ingeniárselas para poder dar un viaje fuera del “terruño”, que permite acarrear “cosas”.
Sólo comentar un hecho que proporciona apreciar que se llueve sobre lo mojado, son los controles internos que se hacen a las empresas estatales. Pasan años y más años de repetir lo mismo, la contabilidad “no confiable”, que de hecho no es contabilidad y las cifras que se muestran al mundo como resultados de la eficiencia económica del país, que salen de un saco lleno de inexactitudes.
La contralora general de la República, Gladys Bejerano Portela, tendrá que acudir a buscar sinónimos para las palabras que usa, que están totalmente gastadas, y que no han resuelto el problema del descontrol general que existe en la economía y las finanzas del país.
Se supone que los directivos a los diferentes niveles, sean los máximos garantes de cuidar los recursos y controlarlos, pero siempre responsabilizan a los trabajadores, con la gastada retórica de que los bienes son del pueblo; es quizás por eso que cuando los toman no sienten que están robándole al Estado.
Según se informó en la prensa oficial, este año en la VI Comprobación del Control Interno en La Habana, se mostró un retroceso, ya que si bien, cuantitativamente, hay un discreto crecimiento de las calificaciones de aceptable (55%), el orden cualitativo es negativo, pues detectaron seis presuntos hechos delictivos y fueron determinadas elevadas afectaciones económicas superiores a las de 2010.
¿Y quién es responsable de esto? Primero que todo no se puede mirar para arriba, hay que poner sus ojos en los niveles más bajos y Danilo Guzmán que ocupa el cargo de contralor jefe provincial en La Habana, definió como causas de estas deficiencias: la pérdida de valores éticos y morales (sin tomar en consideración que la acepción de ética es el conjunto de normas morales que rigen la conducta humana); también forman parte de este desastre, según el dirigente provincial: la falta de asesoramiento, supervisión y control por los niveles superiores de las entidad; no utilizar el plan de prevención de riesgos como instrumento de trabajo y sus medidas son inefectivas; falta de exigencia en la aplicación de resoluciones ministeriales; indisciplina y violación de disposiciones jurídicas; (que nadie conoce o tiene guardadas en una gaveta, como acostumbra a decir Raúl Castro); descontrol administrativo y contable, ineficiencia en planificación y falta de análisis con los trabajadores de los planes económicos y el presupuesto, entre otras.
Sin embargo, le falto decir que nadie manda, y mucho menos la gente obedece, que es un verdadero caos lo que ocurre en cualquier lugar que pueda revisarse en el país. Lo que implica que la autoridad perdió el control en, por muy militarizado que esté el país.
De lo anterior se puede sacar como teoría que lo que va a dar al traste con el sistema es la pérdida de la línea de mando, que cada vez se acentúa más y se hace más evidente para todos.
La Habana, 30 de junio de 2011.
EL NUEVO HERALD Y EL EXILIO
From: Aldo Rosado
La Cuba que destruyó el fidelato-II-Video---------------En, Otras Voces: Soy como soy y me tienen que respetar,¡ joder!, por Claudio Reyes-------------Carta abierta a Carlos Gimenez, alcalde de Miami Dade, por Lázaro R, González----------------El padre Varela nos enseñó-I
PARA MAS INFORMACION:
www.nuevoaccion.com
Niegan asistencia médica a recluso
Félix Reyes Gutiérrez
30 de junio del 2011
Ranchuelo, Cuba – www.PayoLibre.com – Uniformados de la prisión Ariza-2, en Cienfuegos, niegan la asistencia médica al recluso Omar Romero Díaz, desde hace más de un mes.
Juan Ruperto Becerra, miembro del Presidio Político “Pedro Luís Boitel”, comunicó que Yoan Manuel Ávalos, jefe del puesto médico, rehúsa darle el tratamiento con Cloranfenicol y Prednisona a Omar, quien fue operado de la vista, el 24 de mayo del presente año, por última vez.
Agregó la fuente, que Romero, quien perdió la vista de su ojo izquierdo y casi no ve del derecho, producto de una autoagresión, acogió unos lentes en sus ojos de manos del oftalmólogo Eduardo. Tres días después, fue retornado a prisión y desde entonces, Yoan Manuel Ávalos le niega los fármacos.
Omar Romero Díaz, de 40 años, fue condenado a un año de prisión por propinarle un machetazo a una señal de Pare en la vía. Pero lleva 22 años tras las rejas por los delitos de Evasión y Desorden Penitenciario, entre otras infracciones, por lo que ha atentado contra su vida, desde el año 1990 hasta la fecha, en 10 ocasiones.
Reo teme por su vida
Félix Reyes Gutiérrez
30 de junio de 2011
Ranchuelo, Cuba – www.PayoLibre.com – El reo Adrián Anturia Michelena teme por su vida en la prisión Ariza-2, de Cienfuegos, desde hace más de seis meses.
Juan Ruperto Becerra Alfonso, también recluso del penal, informó que Adrián teme por su vida porque presenta un quiste en la cavidad encefálica y los directivos de la cárcel, comandados por el jefe del penal, Osmany Sosa Rosel, obstaculizan la operación.
Señaló la fuente, que a Anturia le han realizado los análisis clínicos para el acto quirúrgico en cinco ocasiones, en los últimos doce meses. Sin embargo, la dirección rehúsa trasladarlo para el hospital Gustavo Aldereguía Lima, donde el neurólogo Tejeda tiene planificada la intervención.
Añadió Juan Ruperto, que hace un mes, el doctor Tejeda le indicó al recluso una prueba de Rayos X, para ver la evolución del nódulo, en la policlínica de Rodas porque el equipo de la penitenciaría está roto, y aún espera ser conducido.
Adrián Anturia Michelena, de 40 años, está condenado a 9 años de cárcel por el delito de Robo con Fuerza. Reside en el Edificio #20, Apartamento #15, del Reparto Buena Vista, en la capital provincial.
Arrestado gran número de opositores
Yesmy Elena Mena Zurbano
30 de junio de 2011
Santa Clara, Cuba – www.PayoLibre.com – Gran número de opositores fue arrestado al tratar de participar en congregación religiosa, en la Ciudad de Santa Clara, el pasado domingo 26 de junio.
Cerca de una veintena de activistas de derechos humanos fueron arrestados y conducidos hacia diferentes unidades del Ministerio del Interior e introducidos en celdas tapiadas por más de 7 horas, sin tomar agua ni ingerir alimentos.
Oficiales de la Seguridad del Estado y miembros de las brigadas especiales de la policía, en horas tempranas del referido día, impidieron la participación de los pro democráticos en la Iglesia Metodista, con el fin de restarle apoyo al Pastor Yordi, quien iba a pronunciarse en favor de los derechos humanos.
Dentro de los arrestados se encontraban:
Joselino Artencio
Yasmín conyedo Riverón
Yusmani Álvarez Espori
Ana Alfonso Artiaga y su hijo Adrian
Alberto Morales
Michael Martínez Oliva
Idania Yanes Contreras
Alcides Rivera
Dámaris Moya Portieles
Víctor Suárez Ortega y esposa Yarisbel
Idalberto González
Héctor Bermúdez Santana
Yesmy Elena Mena (quien suscribe)
Bajo vigilancia domiciliaria se encontraban:
Mario Abreu Padrón
Rodeisi Zapata Blanco
Ignacio Blanco Jiménez
Ezequiel Enrique López Sanders
Celestino Hernández
Guillermo Fariñas
Carlos Baluarte
Pudieron llegar a la actividad del recinto los opositores Liset Zamora y Jorge Luis Alcides Montier.
Paliza a preso opositor
Idania Yanes Contreras
30 de junio del 2011
Santa Clara, Cuba – www.PayoLibre.com – Reclusos aliados de la directiva carcelaria en la prisión La Pendiente, de Santa Clara, propinaron una paliza al preso opositor Luís Enrique Santos Caballero, la pasada semana.
En misiva recibida en esta redacción, Luís relató que cuatro sancionados orientados por Delvis López Quesada, jefe del penal, le dieron una tunda con palos que le ocasionó inflamación en la mano y pie izquierdo, así como en los laterales de su cuerpo.
Agregó el miembro del presidio Político “Pedro Luís Boitel”, a quien le negaron la asistencia médica, que la paliza motivada por las informaciones que brinda al mundo a través de la prensa independiente, fue encabezada por el también penado Rejavi Rodríguez Rivalta.
Agencia Villa Clara Press
Multado por rehusar ejercicios militares
Félix Reyes Gutiérrez
30 de junio de 2011
Ranchuelo, Cuba – www.PayoLibre.com – El joven Luís Michel Castro Gutiérrez fue multado en la municipalidad de Rodas, Cienfuegos, el 25 de junio último, porque rehusó asistir a una preparación militar.
Maisel Luís Fernández, residente del lugar, informó que Luís fue sancionado con un monto de 20.00 pesos moneda nacional porque se negó a participar en los ejercicios militares que se efectuaron en el campo de entrenamiento La Quinta durante 15 días.
Señaló la fuente, que el funcionario del comité militar Andry Galero Puerto, se personó en la vivienda de Michel, situada en calle Rodas entre Ayuntamiento y Habana, donde lo convocó para la movilización. Al no acudir le impuso la penalidad.
Ante los hechos, el joven de 19 años, expresó: “Yo no tengo que recibir preparación militar alguna para luchar contra un enemigo fantasma que ha creado el propio gobierno cubano”.
Violado derecho de movilidad
Juan Carlos Reyes Ocaña
30 de junio de 2011
Holguín, Cuba – www.PayoLibre.com – A varios opositores en Holguín les fue violado el derecho a la movilidad el pasado 28 de junio.
Desde horas tempranas efectivos de la seguridad del estado se personaron en la vivienda de Robier Cruz Campos, sita en calle 16 No. 18-A, y le advirtieron que de salir a la calle, sería conducido hacia una unidad policial.
De igual forma las viviendas de Jared de la Torre Elías y Dennis Pino Basulto fueron invadidas por agentes de la policía política, quienes les amenazaron de igual manera. Los gendarmes no dieron explicación del motivo de dicha violación.
Por último, el aparatoso operativo se mantuvo frente a las casas de los activistas por espacio de 6 horas, bajo acoso e intimidación.
Se vende de todo en el Malecón
Escrito por Ainí Martin Valero
Regla, La Habana
30 de junio de 2011
(PD) EL Malecón habanero, lugar donde a diario se reúnen cientos de personas, es un lugar perfecto para vendedores ambulantes que no están bajo la ley del cuentapropismo.
Amelia Cortina, una joven que vive frente al Malecón, comentó: "Sólo hay que sentarse en el muro después de las 6 de la tarde para comprar lo que sea: cucuruchos de maní, almohadillas sanitarias, cintos, toallitas, dulces, medias, chicles, etc. Los vendedores caminan casi todo el Malecón y cuando ven un policía escoden la mercancía y se sientan en el muro como si estuvieran ahí por puro placer. La verdad es que ellos resuelven mucho a los que vivimos por aquí y a muchos que están de paso".
ainimv@yahoo.com
Foto: Ainí Martí
Vendedora de Almohadillas sanitarias.
Encuentro de twiteros alternativos
Escrito por Adolfo Fernández Sáinz
Centro Habana, La Habana
30 de junio de 2011
(PD) Más de 30 personas se dieron cita la noche del viernes 24 de junio en el domicilio de la bloguera Yoanis Sánchez, en Nuevo Vedado, en el municipio capitalino Plaza, para debatir la proyección presente y futura de la red social Twitter.
Blogueros, twitteros, periodistas independientes y activistas de derechos humanos, debatieron por más de tres horas sobre el encuentro que twitteros oficiales convocaron para el próximo 1 de julio y que comienza a ser saboteado por autoridades cubanas que alegan "la presencia de la contrarrevolución". Más detalles en #Twitthab.
Se opinó también sobre como la red social puede ayudar a alzar la voz de aquellos cubanos que son reprimidos por el gobierno.
adolfo_pablo@yahoo.com
Los temerarios de la calle 23
Escrito por Iván Sañudo Pupo
Regla, La Habana
30 de junio de 2011
(PD) Chicos de entre 13 y 14 años son vistos a diario en la avenida 23, en El Vedado, cuando ante la alarma de los transeúntes, montan patines, desafían el tránsito y ponen en peligro sus vidas.
Alain Carreño es uno de los chicos que patinan por la calle 23 y se hacen llamar "los temerarios. "Ya estamos en vacaciones y hay muy pocas opciones para el verano, a cualquier lugar que vas a pasear necesitas pesos convertibles y nuestros padres no tienen dinero para eso, así que pasamos las tardes montando patines. Nos han llamado la atención en varias ocasiones, pero qué vamos a hacer si no hay más nada", comentó el chico.
ronnysa13@yahoo.com
Foto: Iván Sañudo
Pacientes operados pagan transporte de hospital
Centro Habana, La Habana
30 de junio de 2011
(PD) Pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente en el hospital "Calixto García", en La Habana, se ven obligados a pagar la ambulancia que los trasladará hacia la sala de recuperación.
Janet L., refiere que después de ser operada de urgencias por una apendicitis, tuvo que pagar cinco cuc al personal de la ambulancia para que la llevaran a la sala de recuperación.
"Si mi familia no les paga, estuviera todavía sobre la camilla, en la puerta del salón de operaciones", refiere la mujer indignada.
Detalla la joven que hubo tres personas más que pagaron para poder ser llevados a distintas salas, una de ellas hacia la de terapia.
"La ambulancia va de aquí para allá, buscando personas que les paguen, lo mismo dentro del hospital que fuera de él. Me pregunto si la dirección del hospital desconoce esto. Muchas personas dicen haberse quejado a los médicos, pero estos se muestran indiferentes", afirmó Janet.
adolfo_pablo@yahoo.com
Bono Dedicates Song to Free Cuba
at 12:05 AM Thursday, June 30, 2011
During tonight's U2 concert in Miami, Bono told the story of Cuban pro-democracy leader, Dr. Oscar Elias Biscet.
On a stage filled with Amnesty International candles, he dedicated a song to Dr. Biscet's struggle for freedom, asked everyone to raise their hands in solidarity and proclaimed, "one day soon Cuba will be free."
From Bono's mouth to God's ears.
Cuba Amongst Top Debtor Nations
June 30, 2011
The Paris Club, a group composed of the world's 19 largest creditors nations, has released its annual list of outstanding claims (debtors).
Its largest debtor is Indonesia, which owes $40.679 billion.
Second is China, which owes $30.573 billion.
Castro's Cuba has the third largest debt of $30.471 billion.
Calculated on a per capita basis -- that's a debt of $23 per Chinese national, $177 per Indonesian and $2,650 per Cuban.
Debt for repression -- that's quite a bargain Castro has made for himself, at the cost of the Cuban people.
Click here for the Paris Club's latest debtor list.
The Reality of Today's Cuban-American Travel
June 30, 2011
Prior to April 2009, anti-sanctions activists conveniently saw Cuban-American travel as a way to chip away at overall U.S. policy.
They (correctly) felt it was easier to make an emotional case for Cuban-Americans to visit family members, than for spring breakers to party at apartheid-ridden beach resorts.
Thus, they made a compelling argument that Cuban-Americans should not have to choose between visiting a dying relative or attending their funeral afterwards.
Needless to say, this is a legitimate humanitarian concern, which can (and should) be addressed by means of a simple exception.
(In addition to the already existing, generous legislative exception that allows Cubans -- and only Cubans -- to return to their source country of persecution, despite being automatically paroled into the U.S. as refugees.)
Yet, in April 2009 -- instead of focusing on this humanitarian concern -- the Obama Administration decided to unilaterally remove all limits on Cuban-American travel and remittances.
Two years later, Cuban-American travel conjures images of Cubans abusing their refugee presumption (and the generosity of U.S. taxpayer assistance) under U.S. law, as they leisurely commute back-and-forth from the moment their status is adjusted; of Cubans traveling to the island 10-20 times a year as non-humanitarian merchandise-peddling "mules" (see recent New York Times story); and of unscrupulous businessmen using remittances as a loophole to prey on Cubans with their high-cost, high-interest microloan schemes.
Anyone that has traveled through Miami International Airport can attest to this.
Meanwhile, the Castro regime is laughing its way to the bank.
Facing the greatest political and economic crisis of its history, the Castros have exploited this stream of income, which they so desperately needed (as Hugo Chavez's economy tanks), in order to satisfy the basic tenets of totalitarian power: intensifying repression, paying off its cronies and seizing control over the black market.
Today, Cuban-American travel and remittances stands as the Castro regime's main source of income.
As cited in a recent International Monetary Fund (IMF) Working Paper:
- The Cuban authorities are poised to benefit from travel for U.S. visitors (and particularly, family travel) in the wake of the 2009 policy changes. This category of tourist has surpassed that of any individual European country to become the second most important source arriving to Cuba after Canada.
- The impact of a natural experiment resulting from policy driven changes in travel costs from the United States to Cuba is also estimated. The results suggest that for Cuba, the loosening of travel restrictions in 2009 helped offset the decline in arrivals from the global financial crisis—a potentially significant external countercyclical source of growth. Capitalizing fully on this countercyclical external demand would suggest revising policies to lower travel costs for persons under U.S. jurisdiction traveling to Cuba, and in particular "family" travel, which are currently a multiple of the costs to travel elsewhere in the region.
So let's work to curb these abuses and close this lucrative loophole -- while forging an exception for humanitarian cases.
Otherwise, in Castro's Machiavellian masterpiece, he's managed for 100,000 or so Cuban-Americans (traveling multiple times a year) to finance the brutal repression of nearly 12 million Cubans.
That is no one's "right."
Noticias destacadas a nivel nacional
Noticias destacadas a nivel nacional por Globovision
POR: GLOBOVISION
Conozca los titulares más importantes publicados en la prensa venezolana.
Hugo Chávez y Fidel Castro son "dos amigos felices", según prensa cubana
VA
Globovisión/EFE
30/06/2011 08:54:16 a.m.
Granma y Juventud Rebelde, los principales diarios de Cuba, definen hoy como "dos amigos felices" a Fidel Castro y Hugo Chávez en un artículo sobre el reciente encuentro de ambos que no menciona que el presidente venezolano se encuentra convaleciente en la isla.
"Los que vimos las imágenes transmitidas ayer sobre el encuentro de Fidel y Chávez, asistimos a una amena conversación propia de dos sinceros amigos, matizada por el humor, la reflexión profunda, anécdotas y recuerdos compartidos, que nuevamente nos dejó el sabor vivo de la historia": así arranca el artículo que publican este jueves ambos diarios.
En la nota se reproducen fragmentos de la conversación que mantuvieron el martes el expresidente cubano y Hugo Chávez y que fue emitida en Venezuela y Cuba en un vídeo de unos 20 minutos.
En la isla, las imágenes se difundieron con un audio de muy baja calidad hasta el punto de que el noticiero de la televisión estatal cubana anunció anoche que el vídeo sobre el encuentro se va a volver a emitir con subtítulos.
A la espera de la versión subtitulada, los habitantes de la isla ya pueden leer hoy que Castro y Chávez comentaron el pasado martes "el amplio espectro noticioso" de los periódicos cubanos de esa jornada y que, por ejemplo, el presidente venezolano se mostró "admirado" de que más de mil jóvenes guantanameros iniciarán estudios como obreros de la construcción.
También que aludieron al presidente de EE.UU. Barack Obama -al que el articulista llama "el Nobel de la Guerra"- cuando Fidel Castro le leyó a Chávez el titular "Rechazan demanda contra torturadores de Abu Ghraib".
En la nota "Dos amigos felices", se destaca el "evidente" buen estado de ánimo de Chávez y Castro, así como el "dinámico intercambio" verbal del presidente venezolano y su "voz firme y profunda" al recordar un discurso de Fidel sobre el golpe militar en Chile contra Salvador Allende.
El artículo concluye resaltando que "el diálogo con dimensiones de historia continúa entre Fidel y Chávez".
Además de esta nota, ambos periódicos oficiales publican también hoy el comunicado de la Cancillería de Venezuela donde se anuncia la suspensión de la cumbre de la Comunidad de Estados Latinoamericanos y Caribeños (CELAC) debido a que Chávez se encuentra en un proceso de "recuperación y tratamiento médico sumamente estricto".
El pasado día 10 de junio el presidente de Venezuela fue operado de urgencia en Cuba por un absceso pélvico y desde entonces se encuentra convaleciente en la isla.
La escasez de detalles sobre la naturaleza de su dolencia y su evolución dispararon en los últimos días los rumores y especulaciones sobre su estado de salud.
En la isla el hermetismo y secretismo oficial en torno a Chávez es absoluto, no se han divulgado partes médicos y ni siquiera se ha desvelado el lugar donde el presidente venezolano fue operado ni donde está pasando su convalecencia.
Venezuela y Cuba han difundido esta semana imágenes televisivas y con sonido de un encuentro celebrado el pasado martes entre Fidel Castro y Chávez en el lugar de La Habana donde el presidente venezolano -que está acompañado en Cuba por varios familiares- se recupera y donde se les ve a ambos con buen aspecto y vestidos con ropa deportiva.