BAYAMO, CUBA
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Bayamo carnavales calle zenea 2010
Bayamo is the capital city of the Granma Province of Cuba, and one of the largest cities in the Oriente region.
The community of Bayamo lies on a plain by the Bayamon River. It is affected by the violent Bayamo wind.
One of the most important education institutions in the province is the University of Granma.
History
Bayamo was the second of the seven cities founded by Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar, and was established on November 5, 1513. Francisco Iznaga, a rich Basque landowner in the western portion of Cuba during the first 30 years of the colonization of Cuba, was elected Mayor in 1540.Iznaga was the originator of a powerful lineage that finally settled in Trinidad where the Torre Iznaga is. His descendents fought for the Independence of Cuba and the Annexation to the US from 1820 to 1900.
During much of the 16th century it was one of the most important agricultural and commercial settlements of the island. Its inland situation gave it relative security against the pirates who then infested West Indian seas, and the misfortunes of Santiago were the fortunes of Bayamo. Down the Cauto River, then open to the sea for vessels of 200 tons, and through Manzanillo, Bayamo drove a thriving contraband trade that made it at the opening of the 17th century the leading town of Cuba.
A tremendous flood, in 1616, choking the Cauto with trees and wrecked vessels, cut if off from direct access to the sea; but through Manzanillo it continued a great clandestine traffic with Curaçao, Jamaica, and other foreign islands throughout the 17th and 18th centuries. Bayamo was then surrounded by fine plantations.
In 1827 it acquired the status of city. In the war of 1868–1878 it was an insurgent stronghold; near it was fought one of the most desperate conflicts of the war, and it was nearly destroyed by the opposing parties.
Demographics
In 2004, the municipality of Bayamo had a population of 222,118.[3] With a total area of 918 km2 (354 sq mi), it has a population density of 242.0 /km2 (627 /sq mi).
Transportation
Bayamo is an under recognized world leader in sustainable transportation. Per a UN study only about 15% of commuters rely on motorized transport and almost three times as many (39%) rely on about 500 licensed horse drawn carriages generally following fixed routes. The rest of the non-pedestrian traffic is bicycle and bicycle taxi.
POR: YOUTUBE Y WIKIPEDIA
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