BATALLA DE MIRIOCEFALO
1826 Nació Bernhard Riemann, matemático alemán.
1580 Nació Francisco de Quevedo, escritor español.
1550 Nació Pablo V, Papa
1863 Fallece Alfred de Vigny, poeta, dramaturgo, y novelista francés
1791 Fallece Tomás de Iriarte, poeta español.
1665 Fallece Felipe IV, rey de España.
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Efemérides del día, efemérides de la semana, efemérides del año. Cuándo nació? Donde nació? Donde murió? Cuando murió? Cómo murió?. Santoral de hoy, todos los Santos, las Santas, las Beatas...
2006 Desaparece de su domicilio el Argentino Jorge Julio López, uno de los principales testigos en el juicio contra el ex comisario Miguel Etchecolatz, acusado de ser responsable por homicidios, torturas y desapariciones cometidas durante la dictadura que tuvo lugar en este país desde el año 1976 a 1983.
2005 El presidente Ricardo Lagos firma la nueva Constitución Política de Chile.
1991 La Asamblea General admite a Corea del Norte, Corea del Sur, Micronesia, las Islas Marshall, Estonia, Letonia y Lituania como miembros de la ONU.
1991 Se publica en Internet la primera versión (0.01) del kernel de Linux
1944 Tropas aéreas de los Aliados invaden Holanda como parte de la Operación Market Garden.
1943 La ciudad rusa de Bryansk es liberada de los nazis por los ejércitos soviéticos.
1939 Los soviéticos invaden Polonia oriental.
1861 Las fuerzas de la provincia de Buenos Aires, al mando de Mitre vencen a las fuerzas nacionales de Urquiza en la Batalla de Pavón durante la guerra civil argentina
1809 Termina oficialmente la Guerra de Finlandia.
1637 Se produce la Batalla de Breitenfeld en la que salen victoriosos las fuerzas protestantes durante la guerra de los treinta años
1630 fundación de la ciudad de Boston.
1497 Don Pedro de Estopiñán toma Melilla en nombre de los Duques de Medina Sidonia para la Corona de Castilla.
1176 Batalla de Miriocéfalo, entre el Imperio bizantino y los turcos selyúcidas.
The Battle of Russia Part 5 (1943)
In Autumn 1941, Hitler decided to resume the advance to Moscow, re-designating the panzer groups as panzer armies for the occasion. Operation Typhoon, which was set in motion on 30 September, saw 2nd Panzer Army rush along the paved road from Orel (captured 5 October) to the Oka river at Plavskoye, while the 4th Panzer Army (transferred from Army Group North to Centre) and 3rd Panzer armies surrounded the Soviet forces in two huge pockets at Vyazma and Bryansk. Army Group North positioned itself in front of Leningrad and attempted to cut the rail link at Mga to the east. Thus began the 900-day Siege of Leningrad. North of the Arctic Circle, a German-Finnish force set out for Murmansk but could get no further than the Zapadnaya Litsa River, where they settled down.
Army Group South pushed down from the Dnieper to the Sea of Azov coast, also advancing through Kharkov, Kursk, and Stalino. The 11th Army moved into the Crimea and had taken control of all of the peninsula by autumn (except Sevastopol, which held out until 3 July 1942). On 21 November, the Germans took Rostov, the gateway to the Caucasus. However, the German lines were over-extended and the Soviet defenders counterattacked the 1st Panzer Army's spearhead from the north, forcing them to pull out of the city and behind the Mius River; the first significant German withdrawal of the war.
One last lunge on 15 November saw the Germans attempting to throw a ring around Moscow. On 27 November the 4th Panzer Army got within 30 km (19 miles) of the Kremlin when it reached the last tramstop of the Moscow line at Khimki, while the 2nd Panzer Army, despite its best efforts, failed to take Tula, the last Soviet city that stood in its way of the capital. After a meeting held in Orsha between the head of the Army General Staff, General Halder, and the heads of three Army groups and armies, it was decided to push forward to Moscow since it was better, as argued by head of Army Group Center, Field Marshal Fedor von Bock, for them to try their luck on the battlefield rather than just sit and wait while their opponent gathered more strength.
However, by 6 December it became clear that the Wehrmacht was too weak to capture Moscow and the attack was put on hold. Marshal Shaposhnikov thus began his counter-attack, employing freshly mobilized reserves, as well as some well-trained Far-Eastern divisions transferred from the east following the guarantee of neutrality from Japan.
POR: EFEMERIDES.NET
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